Pra Desain Pabrik Sorbitol Dari Tepung Tapioka Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik

Fadilah, Asri Nur and Vincentius, Vincentius (2021) Pra Desain Pabrik Sorbitol Dari Tepung Tapioka Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sorbitol adalah senyawa monosakarida polyhydric alcohol. Senyawa ini merupakan suatu
gula alkohol yang dimetabolisme lambat di dalam tubuh. Sorbitol diperoleh dengan cara
mengubah gugus aldehid menjadi gugus hidroksil. Industri sorbitol dinilai sangat strategis karena
sorbitol banyak dimanfaatkan di berbagai industri, seperti industri pangan, farmasi, kosmetik,
kimia serta bidang industri lainnya. Sehingga, bahan baku sorbitol secara tidak langsung sudah
menjadi bagian dari kebutuhan sehari-hari.
Sorbitol dapat dibuat dengan beberapa cara dari berbagai jenis bahan baku, dengan kondisi
operasi serta konversi yang berbeda. Pembuatan sorbitol dari bahan baku tepung tapioka melalui
dua tahap proses utama, tahap pertama yaitu proses perubahan starch (pati) menjadi glukosa
dengan menggunakan enzim dan tahap kedua yaitu proses pengubahan glukosa menjadi sorbitol
dengan proses hidrogenasi katalitik.
Pabrik sorbitol ini direncanakan akan didirikan di Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
Dimana salah satu pertimbangan utama pemilihan lokasi ini adalah ketersediaan bahan baku,
lahan, dan nilai UMK tenaga kerja. Selain itu karena letaknya yang strategis untuk pemasaran
karena berada di jalur pantura dan dekat dengan pelabuhan sehingga mempermudah proses
pemasaran dan menjangkau konsumen yang sebagian besar berada di pulau Jawa. Dengan
berdirinya pabrik sorbitol ini diharapkan dapat memenuhi pertumbuhan permintaan sorbitol di
dalam negeri dan meningkatkan taraf hidup penduduk sekitar.
Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinyu 24 jam selama 330 hari pertahun operasi
dengan perencanaan sebagai berikut :
a. Kapasitas produksi : 10.000 ton/tahun
b. Jumlah tenaga kerja : 72 orang/hari
c. Kebutuhan bahan baku tepung tapioka : 8139,915 ton/tahun
Pabrik ini direncanakan mulai dibangun pada tahun 2021 di Kabupaten Pati,
Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2024. Modal diperoleh dengan
perbandingan 60% modal sendiri dan 40% modal pinjaman. Pendirian pabrik sorbitol memerlukan
biaya investasi modal tetap (fixed capital) sebesar Rp 505.607.164.225,14, modal kerja (working
capital) Rp 89.224.793.692,08, investasi total Rp 594.831.957.947,23, biaya produksi per tahun
Rp 350.446.235.485 dan hasil penjualan per tahun Rp 399.999.916.800. Dari analisa ekonomi
didapatkan Internal Rate of Return sesudah pajak sebesar 13.5%, POT sesudah pajak 3.6 tahun,
dan nilai NVP adalah Rp 96.298.899.672. Dari hasil uraian di atas, ditinjau dari segi teknis dan
ekonomis, pabrik sorbitol dari tepung tapioka ini layak didirikan.
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Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol monosaccharide compound. This compound is a sugar
alcohol that is metabolized slowly in the body. Sorbitol is obtained by converting the aldehyde
group to a hydroxyl group. The sorbitol industry is considered very strategic because sorbitol is
widely used in various industries, such as the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical and other
industrial fields. Thus, the raw material for sorbitol has indirectly become part of daily needs.
Sorbitol can be made in several ways from various types of raw materials, with different
operating conditions and conversions. The manufacture of sorbitol from tapioca flour raw
materials through two main process stages, the first stage is the process of changing starch (starch)
into glucose using enzymes and the second stage is the process of converting glucose into sorbitol
with a catalytic hydrogenation process.
The sorbitol factory is planned to be established in Pati Regency, Central Java Province.
Where one of the main considerationsfor choosing this location is the availability of raw materials,
land, and the value of the minimum wage for labor. In addition, because of its strategic location
for marketing because it is on the north coast route and close to the port, it makes the marketing
process easier and reaches consumers, most of whom are on the island of Java. With the
establishment of this sorbitol factory, it is expected to be able to meet the growing demand for
sorbitol in the country and improve the living standards of the surrounding population.
The factory is planned to operate continuously 24 hours for 330 days per year of operation
with the following planning:
a. Production capacity: 10,000 tons/year
b. Number of workers: 72 people/day
c. Tapioca flour raw material needs: 8139.915 tons/year
This factory is planned to start construction in 2021 in Pati Regency, Central Java Province
and is planned to operate in 2024. The capital is obtained with a ratio of 60% own capital and 40%
loan capital. The establishment of a sorbitol factory requires fixed capital investment costs of Rp.
505.607.164.225.14, working capital of Rp. 89.224.793.692.08, total investment of Rp.
594.831.957.947.23, production costs per year of Rp. 350,446,235,485 and annual sales of Rp.
399,999,916,800. From the economic analysis, it was found that the Internal Rate of Return after
tax was 13.5%, POT after tax was 3.6 years, and the NVP value was Rp. 96,298,899,672. From
the results of the above description, from a technical and economic point of view, this sorbitol
factory from tapioca flour is feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sorbitol, hidrodgenasi katalitik, desain pabrik sorbitol, catalytic hydrogenation, plant design
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Asri Nur Fadilah
Date Deposited:	17 Aug 2021 07:24
Last Modified:	17 Aug 2021 07:24
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/87556

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