Pra-Desain Pabrik Bioethanol Dari Jerami Padi

Anggita, Sholihatin and Sabar, Kevin Rahmadi (2021) Pra-Desain Pabrik Bioethanol Dari Jerami Padi. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Bioetanol pada dasarnya merupakan etanol yang diproduksi dari biomassa. Bioetanol mudah untuk diproduksi dari bahan bergula, berpati dan berserat. Salah satu bahan pembuatan bioetanol adalah jerami padi. Jerami padi merupakan sumber biomasa yang mengandung banyak selulosa dan sedikit lignin, berpotensi sebagai bahan pembuatan bioetanol. Beberapa kelebihan dari bioetanol yaitu memiliki titik nyala yang lebih tinggi dibanding bensin, emisi hidrokarbon sedikit sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar yang aman. Proses pembuatan bioetanol dari jerami padi dengan proses fermentasi dibagi menjadi tiga tahap yaitu Pre-Treatment dimana dalam proses ini lignin akan dilarutkan dengan NaOH 1% dan lignoselulosa dengan H2SO4, selanjutnya tahap Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) dimana proses hidrolisis dan fermentasi terjadi pada satu reaktor, enzim dan mikroorganisme disatukan, sehingga glukosa akan dengan cepat diubah menjadi etanol, dan terakhir distilasi untuk memurnikan etanol. Pabrik ini beroperasi secara kontinyu 24 jam selama 330 hari dengan kapasitas produksi 20.000 kL/tahun. Analisa perhitungan ekonomi didapatkan IRR 19,05%/tahun, Pay Out Time (POT) 5,02 tahun, dan Break Event Point (BEP) 27 %.
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Bioethanol is basically ethanol produced from biomass. Bioethanol is easy to produce from sugary, starchy and fibrous materials. One of the ingredients for making bioethanol is rice straw. Rice straw is a source of biomass that contains a lot of cellulose and a little lignin, which has potential as a material for making bioethanol. Some of the advantages of bioethanol are that it has a higher flash point than gasoline, less hydrocarbon emissions, so it can be used as a safe fuel. The process of making bioethanol from rice straw with a fermentation process is divided into three stages, namely Pre-Treatment where in this process the lignin will be dissolved with 1% NaOH and lignocellulose with H2SO4, then the Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) stage where the hydrolysis and fermentation processes occur at one time. reactor, enzymes and microorganisms are combined, so that glucose will be quickly converted into ethanol, and finally distillation to purify ethanol. This factory operates continuously 24 hours for 330 days with a production capacity of 20,000 kL/year. Analysis of economic calculations obtained IRR 19.05%/year, Pay Out Time (POT) 5.02 years, and Break Event Point (BEP) 27%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioetanol, Biomassa, Fermentasi, Jerami padi, Lignoselulosa, Bioethanol, Biomass, Fermentation, Straw Rice, Lignocellulose
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Kevin Rahmadi Sabar
Date Deposited:	20 Aug 2021 03:13
Last Modified:	20 Aug 2021 03:13
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/87817

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