Pabrik Dimetyl Ether (DME) Dengan Proses Dehidrasi Methanol Secara Direct

Prechellya, Azizah and Putri, Amanda Nugraeni (2021) Pabrik Dimetyl Ether (DME) Dengan Proses Dehidrasi Methanol Secara Direct. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Berdasarkan data dari Kementrian Energi dan
Sumberdaya Mineral, konsumsi LPG tahun 2019 sebesar 7,7 juta ton
dan 5,7 juta adalah impor. Dimethyl Ether merupakan bahan bakar
ramah lingkungan yang dapat menggantikan LPG. Pabrik dimethyl
ether hanya ada satu di kawasan ASEAN, belum mampu mencukupi
kebutuhan konsumsi sehingga memberikan peluang untuk didirikan
sebuah pabrik dimethyl ether.
Proses produksi menggunakan proses sintesa langsung dengan
kemurnian DME >99%. Proses produksi dibagi dalam tiga tahap.
Tahap persiapan bahan baku, methanol cair dengan kemurnian 99,85%
berat, methanol diubah dalam fase gas di vaporizer. Selanjutnya,Tahap
pembentukan DME dengan mendehidrasi methanol menjadi dimethyl
ether dan air dalam reaktor fludized bed dengan katalis alumina,
kemudian tahap pemisahan produk dari komponen lainnya di kolom
absorber sebagai produk DME grade II dengan kemurnian 97% dan
pemisahan di kolom distilasi sebagai produk DME grade I dengan
kemurnian 99,98% dan hasil samping berupa H2O.
Pabrik ini direncanakan berkapasitas 58.000 ton/tahun,
beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 300 hari/tahun dengan basis 24
jam/hari. Optimasi dan efisiensi yang dilakukan pada Pabrik DME ini
adalah Recycle produk samping sehingga dapat menghemat kebutuhan
bahan baku Methanol sebanyak 25% dari sebelum Recycle. Dan total
keuntungan yang diperoleh adalah Rp 6.169.671.233.
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Based on data from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources, LPG consumption in 2019 was 7.7 million tons and 5.7
million were imports. Dimethyl Ether is an environmentally friendly fuel
that can replace LPG. There is only one dimethyl ether factory in the
ASEAN region, it has not been able to meet consumption needs, thus
providing an opportunity to establish a dimethyl ether factory.
The production process uses a direct synthesis process with
DME purity >99%. The production process is divided into three stages.
The raw material preparation stage, liquid methanol with a purity of
99.85% by weight, methanol is converted into the gas phase in the
vaporizer. Furthermore, the stage of formation of DME by dehydrating
methanol into dimethyl ether and water in a fludized bed reactor with an
alumina catalyst, then the stage of separating the product from other
components in the absorber column as DME grade II product with 97%
purity and separation in the distillation column as grade I DME product
with 99.98% purity and by-product in the form of H2O.
This plant is planned to have a capacity of 58,000
tons/year, operating continuously for 300 days/year on a 24
hour/day basis. The optimization and efficiency carried out at the
DME Plant is Recycle by-products so that it can save the need for
Methanol raw materials as much as 25% from before Recycle.
And the total profit obtained is Rp. 6.169.671.233.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dimethyl Ether, Katalis Alumina, Methanol.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Azizah Prechellya
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2021 06:24
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2021 06:24
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88096

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