Optimasi Proses Penguapan Pada Evaporator Pabrik Ammonium Sulfat

Shaliha, Asalina Putri Agung and Ubaidillah, Muhammad Abid (2021) Optimasi Proses Penguapan Pada Evaporator Pabrik Ammonium Sulfat. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pupuk ammonium sulfat (ZA) merupakan pupuk yang
diminati di Indonesia. Dalam tahap pembuatan pupuk ZA II
(ammonium sulfat) terdapat proses evaporasi. Dari unit netralisasi dihasilkan larutan yang mengandung ammonium sulfat ((NH4)2SO4) dengan konsentrasi rendah. Proses evaporasi terjadi pada tripple effect evaporator, pada alat ini terjadi penguapan H2O untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi larutan ammonium sulfat hingga terbentuk kristal ammonium sulfat. Ekonomi steam pada proses evaporasi perlu dianalisis untuk mengevaluasi kinerja evaporator sehingga dapat melakukan efisiensi energi yang dibutuhkan. Hal tersebut merupakan salah satu langkah untuk menjaga keuntungan perusahaan yang dapat menekan biaya produksi maupun biaya penggantian karena kerusakan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan ekonomi steam evaporator desain sebesar 1,44. Setelah dilakukan efisiensi dengan dua cara yang berbeda, menghasilkan hasil yang berbeda pula. Pada perhitungan efisiensi dengan cara menaikkan suhu uap jenuh, ekonomi steam evaporator justru menurun menjadi 1,22. Hal ini tentu saja makin merugikan pabrik. Sementara itu efisiensi dengan cara meningkatkan suhu umpan masuk dapat meningkatkan ekonomi steam menjadi 1,64. Hal ini menunjukkan efisiensi dengan cara meningkatkan suhu umpan masuk lebih efektif untuk menaikkan ekonomi steam pada evaporator. Diketahui bahwa
temperature 85oC adalah temperature yang paling memungkinkan untuk efisiensi. Maka dilakukan perhitungan biaya yang dapat dihemat dari efisiensi tersebut adalah sebesar Rp 610.535.117,00 per tahun.
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Ammonium sulfate (ZA) fertilizer is a fertilizer that is in demand in Indonesia. In the stage of making ZA II fertilizer (ammonium sulfate) there is an evaporation process. From the neutralization unit is produced a solution containing ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) with low concentrations. The evaporation process occurs in the tripple effect evaporator, in this tool there is evaporation of H2O to increase the concentration of ammonium sulfate solution until ammonium sulfate crystals are formed. The steam economy in the evaporation process needs to be analyzed to evaluate the performance of the evaporator so that it can perform the required energy efficiency. This is one step to maintain the company's profits that can reduce production costs and replacement costs due to damage. The calculations showed the economy of the steam evaporator design of 1.44. After efficiency is done in two different ways, it produces different results. In the calculation of efficiency by raising the temperature of saturated steam, the economy of steam evaporator actually decreased to 1.22. This, of course, hurts the factory. Meanwhile, efficiency by increasing the temperature of the incoming feed can increase the steam economy to 1.64. This demonstrates efficiency by increasing the temperature of the incoming feed more effectively to boost the steam economy on the evaporator. It is known that the temperature of 85oC is the most likely temperature for efficiency. So the calculation of costs that can be saved from the efficiency is Rp 610,535,117.00 per year.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ammonium sulfat, evaporator, efisiensi. Ammonium sulfate, evaporator, efficiency
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering
Depositing User:	Asalina Putri Agung Shaliha
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2021 01:56
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2021 01:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88495

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