Analisis Crashworthiness Pada Struktur Gerbong Lokomotif Kereta Semi Cepat Tipe DMU/EMU Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga

Wijaya, Putu Pradiva Anantha (2021) Analisis Crashworthiness Pada Struktur Gerbong Lokomotif Kereta Semi Cepat Tipe DMU/EMU Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Jumlah penduduk di Indonesia saat ini sudah sangat tinggi, begitu pula dengan jumlah kendaraannya. Tetapi, minat penduduk Indonesia terhadap penggunaan alat transportasi umum terlihat masih sedikit, padahal sudah dilakukan perbaikan dan pengembangan terhadap alat transportasi umum, kereta misalnya. PT. INKA sedang mengembangkan kereta semi cepat untuk menambah minat penduduk Indonesia untuk beralih menggunakan alat transportasi umum. Kereta semi cepat ini mampu melaju hingga kecepatan maksimum sebesar 160 km/h. Namun, dalam pengembangan kereta tersebut, perlu dilakukan yang namanya uji kelayakan tabrak atau crashworthiness untuk meningkatkan tingkat keamanan penumpang yang berada di dalamnya. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis kelayakan tabrak untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pulsar tabrakan yang terjadi serta untuk menganalisa kemungkinan terjadinya overriding.
Kereta yang diteliti adalah kereta semi cepat tipe Diesel Multiple Unit dengan variasi berupa konfigurasi I dan konfigurasi II serta penambahan initial vertical offset. Simulasi crashworthiness menggunakan metode elemen hingga dengan bantuan perangkat lunak ANSYS Workbench 19.2 explicit dynamics. Simulasi dilakukan berdasarkan standar SNI 8826:2019 dan EN 15227:2005 dengan skenario tabrakan antara dua kereta identik, dengan kriteria keamanan nilai pulsar tabrakan maksimal sebesar 5g serta selisih perbedaan ketinggan antara titik tabrak kedua kereta maksimal 100 mm. Material yang digunakan adalah aluminium 6005A dan mild steel AISI 1018 yang didefinisikan menggunakan sifat material isotropis serta model material elastis-plastis bilinear. Hasil penelitian crashworthiness pada kecepatan 36 km/jam menunjukkan bahwa semua simulasi I, II, III, dan IV menghasilkan grafik energi yang mendekati seimbang. Selain itu, simulasi dengan nilai pulsar tabrakan paling rendah yaitu simulasi III dengan nilai 0.95 g, sedangkan simulasi dengan nilai pulsar tabrakan paling tinggi yaitu simulasi II dengan nilai 4.03 g. Dari hasil keseluruhan simulasi, nilai pulsar tabrakan tidak ada yang melebihi batas kriteria keamanan sehingga baik konfigurasi I maupun II, semuanya aman untuk diaplikasikan pada kereta asli. Kemudian, nilai g paling rendah didapat pada simulasi I yaitu 13 mm, sedangkan nilai g paling tinggi didapat pada simulasi IV yaitu 52 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa baik konfigurasi I maupun II, semuanya dapat diaplikasikan pada kereta asli tanpa khawatir akan terjadinya overriding.
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Total population in Indonesia is very high, as well as the number of personal vehicles. However, the interest of Indonesian people to use public transportation still low, even though there are improvements and developments on public transportation which has been done such as trains. PT. INKA currently developing a medium speed train to increase the interest of Indonesian people to switch to use public transportation. This medium speed train is capable to travelling up to a maximum speed of 160 km/h. However, in the development of this train, it is necessary to do crash test or crashworthiness to increase the level of security of the passengers who were on it. In this research, writer do the crash test to find out how big the collision pulse is, and to analyze the possibility of overriding.
The train that used in this research is diesel multiple unit type of medium speed train with variations in the form of configuration I and II as well as the addition of an initial vertical offset. Crashworthiness simulation is done using finite element method with the help of the explicit dynamics on ANSYS Workbench 19.2. Simulation is carried out based on the standard of SNI 8826:2009 and EN 15227:2005 with the scenario of collision between two identical trains with the criteria of security of maximum collision pulse value is 5 g and maximum height difference between the two train crash points is 100 mm. the material used in this research are aluminium 6005A and mild steel AISI 1018 that defined using isotropic material properties and bilinear elastic-plastic material model. The result of the crasworthiness research at the speed of 36 km/h show that all the simulations I, II, III, and IV produce energy graphs that are close to balanced. Besides that, the simulation with the lowest value of collision pulse is simulation III with value of 0.95 g, while the simulation with highest value of collision pulse is simulation II with value of 4.03 g. From the results of the entire simulation, the value of the collision pulses does not exceed the limit criteria of security so that both configuration I and II, are all safe to be applied on the original train. Then, the lowest value of g obtained in the simulation I which is 13 mm, while the highest value of g obtained in simulation IV which is 52 mm. It is demonstrated that both configuration I and II can be applied on the original train without worrying that overriding will be happened.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	crashworthiness, impact absorber module, collision pulse, overriding, modul penyerap impak, pulsar tabrakan
Subjects:	T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation > TF1327.O58 High speed ground transportation (train)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Putu Pradiva Anantha Wijaya
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2021 04:58
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2021 04:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88990

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