Pra Desain Pabrik Poly Lactid Acid Dari Bonggol Jagung

Sugiharto, Hogi and Yafi, Bagus Ali (2021) Pra Desain Pabrik Poly Lactid Acid Dari Bonggol Jagung. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Seiring meningkatnya pembangunan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi kebutuhan terhadap plastik akan semakin meningkat, di lain sisi tingkat pencemaran akibat limbah plastik juga meningkat. Plastik merupakan salah satu masalah besar di muka bumi dimana memerlukan waktu sangat lama untuk terurai. Poly Lactid Acid (PLA) merupakan termoplastik biodegradable yang terbuat dari sumber daya terbarukan. PLA bisa menjadi alternatif pengganti plastik berbasis minyak bumi untuk mengurangi tingkat pencemaran. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan PLA di Indonesia karena masih bergantung terhadap impor PLA serta terus meningkatnya kebutuhan PLA dunia, maka dirancang pabrik PLA berkapasitas 10.000 ton/tahun dengan memanfaatkan limbah bonggol jagung sebagai bahan baku. Pabrik direncanakan berdiri di kota Tuban, Jawa Timur. Proses produksi PLA terdiri dari 4 tahap, yakni pre-treatment bahan baku, produksi asam laktat, pemurnian asam laktat, dan polimerisasi. Tahap pre-treatment dilakukan dengan proses delignifikasi menggunakan NaOH 3% dan hidrolisis menggunakan H2SO4 0,8%. Tahap produksi asam laktat dilakukan dengan proses fermentasi menggunakan bakteri Lactobacillus Brevis selama 48 jam. Tahap pemurnian dilakukan dengan proses esterifikasi menggunakan metanol pada kolom distilasi reaktif. Tahap polimerisasi dilakukan dengan metode ring-opening-polymerization. Pendirian pabrik membutuhkan modal tetap (FCI) sebesar Rp. 1.542.220.475.459,00 dan modal kerja (WCI) Rp. 272.156.554.493,00. Berdasarkan analisa ekonomi didapat nilai IRR sebesar 9,81%, WACC sebesar 9,52%, POT selama 10 tahun 6 bulan, NPV sebesar Rp. 45.5455.5676,00 dan BEP sebesar 61,1% dari kapasitas produksi.
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Along with increasing development and economic growth, the need for plastic will increase, on the other hand, the level of pollution due to plastic waste also increases. Plastic is one of the big problems on earth where it takes a very long time to decompose. Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic made from renewable resources. PLA can be an alternative to petroleum-based plastics to reduce pollution levels. To meet the needs of PLA in Indonesia because it still relies on imports of PLA and the world's demand for PLA continues to increase, a PLA plant with a capacity of 10,000 tons/year is designed by utilizing corncob waste as raw material. The factory is planned to be established in the city of Tuban, East Java. The PLA production process consists of 4 stages, namely pre-treatment of raw materials, lactic acid production, lactic acid purification, and polymerization. The pre-treatment stage was carried out by delignification process using 3% NaOH and hydrolysis using 0.8% H2SO4. The production stage of lactic acid is carried out by a fermentation process using Lactobacillus Brevis bacteria for 48 hours. The purification step is carried out by an esterification process using methanol in a reactive distillation column. The polymerization step was carried out by the ring-opening-polymerization method. Establishing a factory requires a fixed capital (FCI) of Rp. 1.542.220.475.459,00 and working capital (WCI) Rp. 272.156.554.493,00. Based on the economic analysis, the IRR value was 9,81%, WACC was 9,52%, POT for 10 years 6 months, NPV was Rp. 45.5455.5676.00, and BEP of 61.1% of the production capacity.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Asam Laktat, Bonggol Jagung, PLA, Lactid Acid, Corncob, PLA
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bagus Ali Yafi
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2021 09:34
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2021 09:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/89469

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