Wicaksono, Aryo (2021) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Excess Air Dan Jumlah Bahan Bakar Biomasa Pada Proses Co-firing Terhadap Efisiensi Boiler Tipe Tangensial Pulverizer Pada PLTU Lontar. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PLTU Banten 3 Lontar merupakan salah satu PLTU yang dibangun PLN pada proyek FTP 1 berkapasitas 3 X 315 MW. PLTU ini berlokasi di lontar yang diproyeksikan untuk menopang listrik area tangerang dan menunjang kelistrikan jakarta. PLTU ini menggunakan batu bara sebagai bahan bakar untuk membuat steam yang natinya steam tersebut akan digunakan untuk menggerakkan turbin yang terhubung dengan generator sehingga dapat menghasilkan listrik. Kementerian energi dan sumber daya mineral melalui siaran pers pada tanggal 27 februari tahun 2020 nomor 092.Pers/04SJI/2020 menyatakan Pemerintah Indonesia mengupayakan terobosan dalam pemanfaatan biomassa untuk mengurangi penggunaan energi fosil yakni batubara yang masih dominan serta mendorong pencapaian target bauran energi baru terbarukan sebesar 23% pada tahun 2025.
PLTU Lontar sebagai salah satu pembangkit milik PLN juga diwajibkan untuk menerapkan kebijakan penggunaan biomasa tersebut. PLTU Lontar sudah melakukan pengujian co-firing dengan tipe direct co-firing secara bertahap untuk melihat kompabilitas peralatan terhadap perubahan bahan bakar biomasa. Dari percobaan sebelumnya, disimpulkan bahwa peralatan dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan tidak ada efek yang signifikan terhadap peralatan kecuali adanya penurunan nilai kalor. Sedangkan tingkat efektivitas pebakaran masih perlu diteliti lebih lanjut sehingga mendapatkan pembakaran yang optimum dengan menggunakan bahan bakar biomasa ini. Dalam penelitian ini akan digunakan 3 (tiga) variasi persentase kandungan biomasa, yaitu 97.5% batu bara 2.5% biomasa, 95% batu bara 5% biomasa. biomasa yang akan di injeksikan pada udara pembakaran di ke 4 burner (BCDE) dengan mempertimbangkan variasi ratio excess air 15% dan 20%. Untuk Ratio excess air pembakaran di furnace diperoleh dengan menghitung terlebih dahulu kebutuhan udara pembakaran pada kondisi masing masing persentase biomasa berdasarkan stoikiometri. Dalam penelitian ini penulis melakukan simulasi menggunakan GAMBIT 2.4.6 dan ANSYS FLUENT 18.4. Sehingga dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil respon distribusi temperatur pada masing masing elevasi, kontur temperature, distribusi kecepatan, fraksi gas CO. pada penelitian ini terlihat bahwa CO2 menurun seiring dengan kenaikan jumlah biomasa, dan efisiensi boiler tertinggi pada variasi biomasa 5% dan excess air 15% sebesar 81,57%
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PLTU Banten 3 Lontar is one of the PLTU was built by PLN in the FTP 1 project with capacity of 3 X 315 MW. This PLTU is located in lontar which is projected to support electricity in the Tangerang area and support electricity in Jakarta. This PLTU uses coal as fuel to make steam, which will then be used to drive a turbine which is connected to a generator so that it can generate electricity. The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources through a press release on February 27, 2020 number 092.Pers/04SJI/2020 stated that the Government of Indonesia is seeking a breakthrough in the use of biomass to reduce the use of fossil energy, namely coal, which is still dominant and to encourage the achievement of the new renewable energy mix target of Rp. 23% by 2025.
PLTU Lontar as one of the power plants owned by PLN is also required to implement the policy on the use of biomass. PLTU Lontar has carried out co-firing testing with the direct co-firing type in stages to see the compatibility of the equipment to changes in biomass fuel. From the previous experiment, it was concluded that the equipment could function properly and there was no significant effect on the equipment except for a decrease in calorific value. While the level of effectiveness of combustion still needs to be investigated further so as to obtain optimum combustion using this biomass fuel. In this study, 2 (two) variations of the percentage of biomass content will be used, namely 97.5% coal 2.5% biomass, and 95% coal 5% biomass. biomass to be injected into the combustion air in the 4 burners (BCDE) by considering variations in the excess air ratio of 15% and 20%. For the ratio of excess air combustion in the furnace, it is obtained by first calculating the combustion air requirement in the condition of each percentage of biomass based on stoichiometry. In this study, the authors perform simulations using GAMBIT 2.4.6 and ANSYS FLUENT 18.4. So from this research, the results of the temperature distribution response at each elevation, temperature contours, velocity distribution, CO gas fraction. In this research found that CO2 will decrease when amount of biomass is increase, and the best value of boiler efficiency is 81,57% when using 5% biomass and excess air setting 15%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | pulverizer, coal pulverized, excess air, biomass, co-firing, CFD |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ254.7 Combustion chambers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | aryo wicaksono |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Aug 2021 13:25 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Sep 2024 06:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/90968 |
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