Hidayat, Muhammad Taufiq (2022) Studi Aktivitas Antibiotik Ekstrak Tanaman Obat Terhadap Ekspresi Gen Biosintesis Peptidoglikan (pbp2 dan MurA) Staphylococcus aureus. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Masyarakat pulau Poteran telah memanfaatkan tanaman bidara laut (Strychnos lucida), jarak cina (Jatropha multifida), kelor (Moringa oleifera), pohon kuda (Lannea coromandelica), dan kaktus centong (Opuntia cochenillifera) sebagai obat tradisional. Informasi ilmiah yang mendukung klaim tradisional manfaat tanaman obat tersebut masih belum banyak tersedia, sehingga dibutuhkan penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi dan mekanisme antibiotik tanaman obat terkait. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibiotik ekstrak tanaman obat terhadap ekspresi gen biosintesis peptidoglikan (pbp2 dan murA).
Ekstraksi tanaman obat menggunakan metode Soxhlet dengan pelarut ekstraksi etil asetat. Profil fitokimia ekstrak tanaman obat yang diuji terdiri atas flavonoid total, fenolik total, tannin, saponin, dan alkaloid. Potensi antibiotik ekstrak tanaman obat terhadap S. aureus dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer, MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) dan MBC (Minimum Bacteriocidal Concentration). Ekspresi gen murA dan pbp2 diuji dengan metode RT-qPCR (Real Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) dan PCR Semi-Kuantitatif.
Ekstrak tanaman obat yang diuji mengandung senyawa fitokimia dengan kadar yang bervariasi, dimana kadar fitokimia tertinggi terdapat pada ekstrak daun kelor dengan komponen flavonoid (264,17 mg QE/g), fenolik (19,44 mg GAE/g), alkaloid, dan tannin; namun tidak mengandung saponin. Potensi antibiotik tertinggi terhadap S. aureus terdapat pada daun kelor (zona bening 19 mm, MIC 0,625 mg/ml, dan MBC 5 mg/ml). Ekstrak daun bidara laut, kladode kaktus centong, dan kulit pohon kuda memiliki diameter zona bening yang relatif sama besar sekitar 9-10 cm (MIC 10 mg/ml), sedangkan ekstrak daun jarak cina tidak menunjukkan zona bening. Ekspresi gen pbp2 S. aureus menurun secara signifikan dengan perlakuan ekstrak daun kelor dan perlakuan kontrol positif amoxicilin, sedangkan ekspresi gen murA S. aureus menurun secara signifikan dengan perlakuan ekstrak kulit pohon kuda dan perlakuan ekstrak daun bidara laut.
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The people of Poteran Island use the Strychnine Bush (Strychnos lucida), Coral plant (Jatropha multifida), horseradish tree (Moringa oleifera), Indian ash tree (Lannea coromandelica), and Cochineal Nopal Cactus (Opuntia cochenillifera) as traditional medicine. Scientific information that supports traditional claims of the benefits of medicinal plants is still not widely available, so research is needed to determine the potential and mechanism of antibiotic from medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antibiotic activity of medicinal plant extracts on the expression of peptidoglycan biosynthetic genes (pbp2 and murA).
Extraction of medicinal plants using the Soxhlet method with ethyl acetate extraction solvent. The phytochemical profile of each medicinal plant extract tested consisted of total flavonoids, total phenolics, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. The potency of medicinal plant extracts as antibiotic against S. aureus was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method; MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bacteriocidal Concentration) for each extract was determined. The expression of murA and pbp2 genes was tested by RT-qPCR (Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) and Semi-Quantitative PCR methods.
The medicinal plant extracts contained phytochemical compounds with varying levels, where the highest phytochemical levels were found in horseradish tree leaves extract with components of flavonoids (264.17 mg QE/g), phenolic (19.44 mg GAE/g), alkaloids, and tannins; but does not contain saponins. The highest antibiotic potency against Staphylococcus aureus was found in horseradish tree leaves (clear zone 19 mm, MIC 0.625 mg/ml, and MBC 5 mg/ml). Strychnine Bush leaf, Cochineal Nopal Cactus cladode, and Indian ash tree bark extract have a clear zone diameter that is relatively the same size of about 9-10 cm (MIC 10 mg/ml), while the Coral plant leaf extract does not show a clear zone. S. aureus pbp2 gene expression decreased significantly with horseradish tree leaf extract treatment and a positive control treatment of amoxicillin, while S. aureus murA gene expression decreased significantly with Indian ash tree bark extract treatment and Strychnine Bush leaf extract treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Gen pbp2, Gen murA, Peptidoglikan, Tanaman Obat Tradisional, Staphylococcus aureus, pbp2 gene, murA gene, Peptidoglycan, Traditional Medicinal Plant, Staphylococcus aureus |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QP Physiology > QP624 Molecular biology. Q Science > QR Microbiology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Taufiq Hidayat |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Feb 2022 04:13 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Feb 2022 04:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/93513 |
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