Krishna, I Wayan Restu Surya (2023) Sintesa Mixed-Metal Metal Organic Framework (MOF) MIL-101-Cr(NO₃)₃/Fe(NO₃)₃ dengan Penggunaan Modulator Alternatif Melalui Metode Hidrothermal sebagai Adsorbent untuk Dehidrasi Gas. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Gas alam adalah campuran berbagai gas hidrokarbon yang dikenal dalam nama ilmiah yaitu metana, etana, propana, dan butana. Lebih dari 70% gas alam terbentuk oleh metana, komponen utama. Namun selain kandungan utama hidrokarbon, gas alam memiliki kandungan pengotor diantaranya CO2, H2S, dan H2O. Kandungan air yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan korosi pada sistem perpipaan serta dapat menurunkan heating value. Untuk itu, diperlukan proses dehidrasi. Dehidrasi dilakukan dengan metode adsorpsi karena metode ini menggunakan media solid desiccant yang dapat di regenerasi dan menghasilkan efisiensi pengolahan yang lebih baik serta biaya yang lebih ekonomis dibanding metode absorbsi yang menggunakan liquid desiccant. Untuk melakukan metode adsorpsi, terdapat beberapa jenis solid desiccant yang biasa digunakan di industri seperti silica gel, activated alumina, dan molecular sieve. Namun baru ini ditemukan material yang memiliki kelebihan diatas solid desiccant konvensional, yaitu material organic framework (MOF). MOF adalah material hibrida yang dibangun dari penghubung ligan organik dan node logam anorganik (kluster logam) dimana salah satu jenis MOF yang paling unggul adalahs MIL-101. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan variabel sintesa terbaik dan mempelajari pengaruh variabel bebas (jenis dan konsentrasi modulator serta komposisi metal) terhadap karateristik MIL-101. Terdapat dua tahapan pada penelitian ini, yaitu tahap sintesa dan tahap karakterisasi. Metode sintesa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode hidrothermal, dimana metal prekursor, ligan organik, modulator, dan aquadest dicampur pada hydrothermal autoclave reactor lalu di panaskan pada suhu 210oC selama 8 jam. Lalu endapan disaring dan di purifikasi dengan aquadest pada suhu 70oC selama 5 jam, ethanol pada suhu 60oC selama 3 jam, dan ammonium fluoride (NH4F) pada suhu 70oC selama 10 jam. Setelah itu dilakukan pendinginan hingga suhu ruang, lalu endapan dicuci sebanyak dua-tiga kali dengan aquadest 70oC. Endapan lalu dikeringkan pada suhu ruang selama 48 jam, dimana selanjutnya endapan di ayak menggunakan ayakan mesh 60 dan dikeringkan pada suhu 100oC selama 12 jam. Penelitian ini telah berhasil membentuk material dengan struktur MIL-101 yang dibuktikan dengan gugus fungsi yang terdapat pada hasil Fourier Transform Infrared. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa variabel sintesa terbaik adalah MIL-101 dengan komposisi metal Cr100 dan modulator HF dengan rasio konsentrasi 1:2. Diketahui pula bahwa jenis modulator, konsentrasi modulator, serta komposisi metal mempengaruhi karakteristik yang dihasilkan pada MIL-101. Kapasitas dehidrasi gas untuk MIL-101 dengan variabel sintesa terbaik mencapai 0.087 kg H2O/kg adsorbent dimana hal ini mendekati kapasitas dehidrasi gas molecular sieve 3A yaitu 0.113 kg H2O/kg adsorbent.
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Natural gas is a mixture of various hydrocarbon gases known by their scientific names, namely methane, ethane, propane, and butane. More than 70% of natural gas is formed by methane, the main component. However, in addition to the main content of hydrocarbons, natural gas contains impurities including CO2, H2S, and H2O. High water content can cause corrosion in the piping system and can reduce the heating value. For that, a dehydration process is needed. Dehydration is carried out using the adsorption method because this method uses solid desiccant media which can be regenerated and produces better processing efficiency and more economical costs compared to the absorption method using a liquid desiccant. To carry out the adsorption method, there are several types of solid desiccants commonly used in industry such as silica gel, activated alumina, and molecular sieve. Howesver, recently discovered a material that has advantages over a conventional solid desiccant, namely the organic framework (MOF) material. MOF is a hybrid material built from connecting organic ligands and inorganic metal nodes (metal clusters) where one of the most superior types of MOF is MIL-101. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best synthesis variable and study the effect of the independent variables (modulator type and concentration and metal composition) on the characteristics of MIL-101. There are two stages in this study, namely the synthesis stage and the characterization stage. The synthesis method used in this study is the hydrothermal method, where metal precursors, organic ligands, modulators, and aquadest are mixed in a hydrothermal autoclave reactor and then heated at 210oC for 8 hours. Then the precipitate was filtered and purified with distilled water at 70oC for 5 hours, ethanol at 60oC for 3 hours, and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) at 70oC for 10 hours. After that, it was cooled down to room temperature, then the precipitate was washed two or three times with 70oC distilled water. The precipitate was then dried at room temperature for 48 hours, whereupon the precipitate was sieved using a 60-mesh sieve and dried at 100oC for 12 hours. This research has succeeded in forming a material with MIL-101 structure as evidenced by the functional groups found in the results of the Fourier Transform Infrared. In addition, based on the research results, it was found that the best synthesis variable was MIL-101 with the composition of Cr100 metal and HF modulator with a concentration ratio of 1:2. It is also known that the type of modulator, modulator concentration, and metal composition affect the characteristics produced in MIL-101. The gas dehydration capacity for MIL-101 with the best synthesis variable reached 0.087 kg H2O/kg adsorbent, which is close to the gas dehydration capacity of molecular sieve 3A, 0.113 kg H2O/kg adsorbent.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Adsorpsi, Dehidrasi Gas, MOF, MIL-101 |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP350 Natural gas--Drying. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | I Wayan Restu Surya Krishna |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Feb 2023 01:29 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Feb 2023 01:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/96423 |
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