Miranda, Masayu Anggitha (2023) Analisa Numerik Pengaruh Overlap & Gap Airfoil Terhadap Performa Aerodinamika pada Rear Wing Multi Element Mobil Formula Student Anargya ITS Team Mark 2.0 dengan Metode Optimasi Taguchi Orthogonal Array. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Anargya ITS Team merupakan salah satu tim yang ada di Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember yang berfokus pada riset dan perlombaan EV (Electric Vehicle) yaitu sepeda motor listrik, mobil listrik, dan mobil formula student elektrik. Salah satu perlombaan yyang pernah diikuti oleh Anargya ITS Team yang berkategori internasional yaitu Student Formula Japan (SFJ) kategori electric vehicle pada tahun 2019 secara offline di Jepang. Umumnya perlombaan formula student terdapat kategori lomba yaitu static event dan dynamic event dimana dynamic event tersebut meliputi acceleration, skid pad, autocross, endurance, dan fuel efficiency. Dimana lintasan dynamic event seperti skid pad (lintasan angka delapan), autocross, dan endurance memiliki banyak belokan atau tikungan yang cukup ekstrim. Pada kondisi tersebut mobil yang dirancang dan dibuat harus mampu melakukan cornering speed dalam waktu yang sesingkat-singkatnya. Dalam hal ini mobil juga harus mempunyai daya cengkram dan daya tekan ke bawah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan stabilitas mobil. Dalam divisi body & frame banyak tim yang memutuskan untuk menambah komponen aerodinamika pada mobil, salah satunya yaitu rear wing dengan modifikasi endplate dan overlap airfoil. Dimana tujuan penambahan rear wing yaitu untuk meningkatkan daya cengkram dan stabilitas mobil dengan cara meningkatkan gaya tekan ke bawah (down force/negative lift force). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian yaitu analisis numerik 2 dimensi pada desain rear wing mobil Anargya dengan aliran steady dan incompressible menggunakan software ANSYS Fluent. Simulasi yang dilakukan dengan variasi angle of attack main airfoil 9° dan 12°, variasi 1st flap 14°, 17°, 20°, variasi 2nd flap 22°, 24°, 26°, variasi gap antara main airfoil dan 1st flap 15 mm, 30 mm, dan 44 mm, variasi gap antara 1st flap dan 2nd flap 19 mm, 27 mm, dan 35 mm, variasi overlap antara main airfoil dan 1st flap 25 mm, 35 mm, 45 mm, variasi overlap antara 1st flap dan 2nd flap sebesar 20 mm, 30 mm, dan 40 mm, dan kecepatan aliran 13,89 m/s dengan menggunakan model turbulensi transition SST. Boundary condition yang digunakan ialah velocity inlet, wall untuk sisi atas dan bawah serta pressure outlet pada sisi belakang airfoil. Meshing yang digunakan ialah structured mesh hexahedral. Sedangkan metode optimasi yang digunakan pada penelitian yaitu optimasi Taguchi orthogonal array berupa matriks orthogonal L18 (2^1 x 3^6) dimana eksperimen dibuat minimal tetapi dapat memberikan hasil dan informasi sebanyak mungkin dari semua faktor yang memengaruhi parameter. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 2nd flap pada rear wing dapat meningkatkan nilai gaya negative lift dan gaya drag yang dihasilkan, dimana konfigurasi optimum keseluruhan elemen pada variasi AOA main airfoil=9°, AOA 1st flap=14°, dan AOA 2nd flap=22°, gap main airfoil-1st flap=44 mm, gap 1st flap-2nd flap=27 mm, overlap main airfoil-1st flap=25 mm, dan overlap 1st flap-2nd flap=40 mm dengan peningkatan FL/FD tertinggi sebesar 65,71% dengan nilai FL/FD sebesar 6,682. Variabel yang signifikan mempengaruhi nilai FL/FD yaitu AOA main airfoil (AOA 1), AOA 1st flap (AOA 2), AOA 2nd flap (AOA 3), dan overlap main airfoil-1st flap (Ov1).
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Anargya ITS Team is one of automotive teams at Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember that focuses on research and (EV) electric vehicle competitions, namely electric motorbikes, electric cars, and Student Formula Competition especially electric vehicle category. One of the competitions that the Anargya ITS Team has participated in which the international category is Student Formula Japan (SFJ) electric vehicle category in 2019 offline in Japan. Generally, student formula competitions have competition categories, namely static events and dynamic events where the dynamic event includes acceleration, skid pad, autocross, endurance, and fuel efficiency. Where the dynamic event track such as skid pad (figure eight track), autocross, and endurance has many turns or bends that are quite extreme. Under these conditions, the car designed and built must be able to perform cornering speed in the shortest possible time. In this case, the car must also have traction and downward pressure to increase the stability of the car. In the body & frame division, many teams decide to add aerodynamic components to the car, one of which is the rear wing with endplate modification and airfoil overlap. The purpose of adding the rear wing is to increase the grip and stability of the car by increasing the down force/negative lift force. The method that used in this study is a two dimensional numercal study of the Anargya car rear wing design with a steady and incompressible flow using ANSYS Fluent software. Simulations were carried out by varying the angle of attack of main airfoil 9° and 12°, variations of angle of attack of 1st flap 14°, 17°, 20°, variations of angle of attack of 2nd flap 22°, 24°, 26°, variations of gap between main airfoil and 1st flap 15 mm, 30 mm, and 44 mm, variations of gap between 1st flap and 2nd flap 19 mm, 27 mm, and 35 mm, variations of overlap between main airfoil and 1st flap 25 mm, 35 mm, and 45 mm, variations of gap between 1st flap and 2nd flap 20 mm, 30 mm, and 40 mm and flow velocity of 13,89 m/s using the transition SST turbulence model. The boundary conditions used are velocity inlet, wall for the top and bottom sides and pressure outlet on the rear side of the airfoil. The meshing that used is a structured mesh hexahedral type. While the optimization method used in the research is Taguchi orthogonal array optimization in the form of an L18 orthogonal matrix (2^1 x 3^6) where experiments are made minimal but can provide as many results and information as possible from all factors that affect parameters. The results of the research conducted show that the addition of the 2nd flap on the rear wing can increase the value of the negative lift force and the resulting drag force, where the optimum configuration of all elements in the variations of AOA main airfoil=9°, AOA 1st flap=14°, and AOA 2nd flap=22°, gap main airfoil-1st flap=44 mm, gap 1st flap-2nd flap=27 mm, overlap main airfoil-1st flap=25 mm, and overlap 1st flap-2nd flap=40 mm with the highest FL/FD increase 65,71% with a FL/FD value of 6,682. The variables that significantly affect the FL/FD value are AOA main airfoil (AOA 1), AOA 1st flap (AOA 2), AOA 2nd flap (AOA 3), and overlap main airfoil-1st flap (Ov1).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analisa Numerik, Drag Force, Flap, Formula Student, Gap, Lift Force, Rear Wing, Taguchi, Numerical Analysis |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.8 Productivity. Efficiency T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL521 Aerodynamics, Hypersonic. T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL574.C3 Cascade T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS156 Quality Control. QFD. Taguchi methods (Quality control) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Masayu Anggitha Miranda |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jul 2023 05:56 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jul 2023 05:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/98637 |
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