Saputro, Galang Adi (2023) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Instalasi Silinder Elips di Samping Sudu Advancing terhadap Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius “Studi Kasus untuk Ukuran Silinder Elips b/a = 1 dan 2 dengan Jarak Silinder Elips Y/D = 1,27 pada Kecepatan Angin U = 4, 5, 6, dan 7 m/s”. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Meskipun memiliki potensi energi angin yang besar, pemanfaatan energi angin di Indonesia masih jauh dari kata optimal. Dengan kecepatan aliran anginnya yang rendah, pengaplikasian turbin angin Savonius merupakan opsi terbaik untuk memanfaatkan energi angin tersebut. Namun, kekurangan utama turbin tersebut adalah efisiensinya yang rendah. Berbagai modifikasi parameter geometri yang pernah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya justru menimbulkan permasalahan lain seputar kompleksitas dan biaya. Modifikasi karakteristik aliran angin di sekitar turbin juga merupakan salah satu inovasi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja turbin angin Savonius, misalnya melalui instalasi pengganggu aliran. Meskipun beberapa penelitian mengenai geometri pengganggu aliran telah dilakukan, kemungkinan masih terdapat geometri lainnya yang dapat mempengaruhi aliran di sekitar turbin. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh instalasi silinder elips dengan rasio panjang sumbu elips pada arah vertikal dan horizontal (b/a) sebesar 1 dan 2 di samping sudu advancing terhadap kinerja turbin angin Savonius. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode studi eksperimen pada skala laboratorium dengan dua tipe konfigurasi, b/a = 1 dan 2. Silinder elips pada kedua konfigurasi memiliki spesifikasi rasio panjang sumbu elips pada arah vertikal terhadap diameter sudu turbin (b/D) sebesar 0,5 dengan tinggi (h) 490 mm dan diinstalasikan pada rasio jarak silinder elips dengan pusat turbin terhadap diameter sudu turbin (Y/D) sebesar 1,27. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada turbin angin dengan spesifikasi diameter sudu (D) 165,2 mm, diameter poros (dp) 19 mm, dan tinggi (H) 295 mm. Adapun variasi kecepatan aliran angin yang digunakan adalah 4, 5, 6, dan 7 m/s. Aliran angin yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dihasilkan oleh axial fan, diatur besarnya oleh voltage regulator, dan dijaga keseragamannya oleh honeycomb. Adapun data kecepatan aliran anginnya diukur menggunakan anemometer, data kecepatan putaran turbinnya diukur menggunakan tachometer, data torsi dinamisnya diukur menggunakan brake dynamometer, dan data torsi statisnya diukur menggunakan torquemeter. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diperoleh hasil bahwa instalasi silinder elips di samping sudu advancing menurunkan koefisien daya (CoP) dan koefisien momen (CM) turbin pada seluruh variasi kecepatan angin dengan penurunan CoPmax dan CMmax maksimum masing-masing sebesar -46,43% dan -36,88%. Pada seluruh variasi kecepatan angin, instalasi silinder elips dengan b/a = 1 meningkatkan kemampuan self-starting turbin, tetapi instalasi silinder elips dengan b/a = 2 justru menurunkan kemampuan self-starting turbin. Kemudian, instalasi silinder elips dengan b/a = 2 memberikan CoP, CM, dan kemampuan self-starting turbin yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan b/a = 1 pada seluruh variasi kecepatan angin. Lalu, peningkatan kecepatan angin meningkatkan CoP, CM, dan kemampuan self-starting turbin pada seluruh konfigurasi.
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Even though Indonesia has great wind energy potential, the use of wind energy is still far from optimal. With its low wind speed, the application of the Savonius wind turbine is the best option to utilize this wind energy. However, the main drawback of such turbine is its low efficiency. Various geometric parameter modifications that have been made to improve its performance raise other problems regarding complexity and cost. Modification of the wind flow characteristics around the turbine is also one of the innovations that can be made to improve Savonius wind turbine performance, for example through the installation of a flow disturbance. Although several studies on flow disturbance geometries have been carried out, it is possible that there are other geometries that may affect flow around the turbine. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the effect of installing an elliptical cylinder with a ratio of the elliptical axis length in the vertical and horizontal directions (b/a) of 1 and 2 beside the advancing blade on the performance of the Savonius wind turbine. This research was conducted using an experimental study method on a laboratory scale with two types of configurations, b/a = 1 and 2. The elliptical cylinder in both configurations has the specification of the ratio elliptical axis length in the vertical direction to the diameter of the turbine blade (b/D) of 0.5 with a height (h) of 490 mm and is installed in the ratio of the distance between the elliptical cylinder and the center of the turbine to the diameter of the turbine blade (Y/D) of 1.27. This research was conducted on a wind turbine with a blade diameter (D) of 165.2 mm, a shaft diameter (dp) of 19 mm, and a height (H) of 295 mm. The variation of wind speed used is 4, 5, 6, and 7 m/s. The wind flow used in this study is generated by an axial fan, the amount of which is regulated by a voltage regulator, and its uniformity is maintained by a honeycomb. The wind speed data is measured using an anemometer, turbine rotation speed data is measured using tachometer, dynamic torque data is measured using brake dynamometer, and static torque data is measured using torquemeter. Based on this research, it was found that installing an elliptical cylinder beside the advancing blade decreases the coefficient of power (CoP) and coefficient of moment (CM) of the turbine at all wind speed variations with maximum CoPmax and CMmax decrease of -46.43% and -36.88%. At all wind speed variations, installing an elliptical cylinder with b/a = 1 increases the self-starting ability of the turbine, but installing an elliptical cylinder with b/a = 2 decreases the self-starting ability of the turbine. Then, installing an elliptical cylinder with b/a = 2 gives a lower CoP, CM, and self-starting ability of the turbine than the b/a = 1 at all wind speed variations. Beside of that, the increase in wind speed increases the CoP, CM, and self-starting ability of the turbine in all configurations.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | kemampuan self-starting, koefisien daya, koefisien momen, silinder elips, turbin angin Savonius, coefficient of moment, coefficient of power, elliptical cylinder, Savonius wind turbine, self-starting ability |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Galang Adi Saputro |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2023 02:18 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2023 02:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99011 |
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