Jonianto, Agus (2015) Studi numerik pengaruh transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater terhadap karakteristik aliran dan perpindahanpanas konveksi (studi kasus pada boiler PT. Indonesia power, UBP, Perak, Surabaya). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PT. Indonesia Power merupakan salah satu perusahaan pembangkit listrik di Indonesia. Perusahaan ini mempunyai 4 unit pembangkit listrik yaitu pembangkit listrik unit 1 dan 2 yang memiliki kapasitas 25x2 MW dan pembangkit listrik unit 3 dan 4 yang memiliki kapasitas 50x2 MW. Dalam pengoperasiannya, perusahaan ini menggunakan BBM (Bahan Bakar Minyak) sebagai bahan bakar pada boilernya. Saat ini, pengoperasian pembangkit unit 1 sampai 4 telah dihentikan karena memiliki efisiensi siklus yang rendah. Tugas akhir kali ini dilakukan untuk menambah efisiensi siklus dengan cara meningkatkan efisiensi pada boiler. Salah satu cara tersebut adalah dengan mengubah jarak transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater. Pada tugas akhir kali ini, dilakukan sebuah proses simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) pada sebuah domain pemodelan tube primary dan secondary superheater. Domain pemodelan dibuat dengan menggunakan GAMBIT 2.6 dan disimulasikan dengan menggunakan FLUENT 6.3.Seluruh data operasi berupa temperatur tube, dimensi tube dan dimensi boiler diambil secara langsung di PT. Indonesia Power UBP Perak, Surabaya. Simulasi dilakukan secara dua dimensi dengan enam buah variasi jarak transisi yaitu 2D , 3D, 4D, 5D, 7D, dan 8,33D (kondisi existing). Fluegass dimodelkan sebagai udara bersuhu 1000 K dengan aliran uniform dan steady pada sisi inlet. Perpindahan panas yang ditinjau hanya berupa konveksi dengan mengabaikan radiasi dan konduksi pada tube. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah jarak transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater memiliki pengaruh yang sangat kecil terhadap peningkatan kualitas perpindahan panas pada secondary superheater secara overall. Prosentase peningkatan kualitas perpindahan panas maksimal hanya sebesar 0,9 pada jarak transisi sebesar 2D bila dibandingkan dengan nilai kondisi existing. Aliran fluida akibat variasi jarak transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater hanya berpengaruh pada tube kolom pertama pada secondary superheater dengan peningkatan nilai kecepatan aliran sebesar 2,0 pada jarak transisi sebesar 2D bila dibandingkan dengan nilai kondisi existing sehingga menyebebkan adanya peningkatan nilai perpindahan panas maksimal sebesar 3,02 pada jarak transisi sebesar 2D bila dibandingkan dengan nilai kondisi existing. Selain itu, nilai St/d dan Sl/d juga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas perpindahan panas. Tube dengan St/d=2 memiliki nilai konstanta C1 sebagai perwakilan dari kualitas perpindahan panas yang lebih tinggi daripada St/d=5. Sedangkan nilai Nusselt Number rata-rata tube dengan Sl/d=1,88 lebih tinggi daripada tube dengan Sl/d=1,17. ========================================================================================================== PT. Indonesia Power is one of the electrical power plant company in Indonesia. This company has 4 units of electrical power plant. The power plant unit 1 and 2 has a capacity of 25x2 MW and the power plant unit 3 and 4 have a capacity of 50x2 MW. In operation, the company is using Marine Fuel Oil as a fuel at the boiler. Since 2012, the operation of the power plant unit 1 to 4 had been suspended because of the low cycle efficiency. This final assigment is be done to increase the efficiency of the cycle by increasing the efficiency of the boiler. The transition distances between the primary and the secondary superheater will be changed to increase the efficiency of the boiler. The flue gas flow across the primary and secondary superheater will be simulated based on Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). The domain modelling is made using GAMBIT 2.6 and will be simulated using FLUENT 6.3. All of the operating data, like the temperature of the tube, the tube dimension and the dimension of the boiler, is taken directly from PT. Indonesia Power, UBP. Perak, Surabaya. The simulation is done with six variations of transition distances, 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 7D, and 8,33D (existing conditions), between the primary and the secondary superheater. Flue gas is modelled as 1000 K of an air, uniform and steady flow at the inlet. Only convection heat transfer that will be reviewed by ignoring radiation and conduction on the tube. The results obtained from this research is the transition distances between the primary and the secondary superheater has a small influence towards increasing quality of heat transfer on secondary superheater in overall. The percentage of increasing the quality of heat transfer maximum is only 0,9 at 2D transition distance compared with the value of existing conditions. The fluid flow due to the transition distance between the primary and the secondary superheater effects on only the first column in the secondary superheater with an increase in the value of the flow rate of 2,0 at 2D transition distance compared with the value of existing conditions. That cause an increase in heat transfer value about 3,02 at 2D transition distance compared with the value of existing conditions. In addition, the value of the St/d and Sl/d also has an effect on the quality of heat transfer. Tube with St/d = 2 has bigger the C1 constant value that represents of the heat transfer quality than St/d = 5. The value of the average Nusselt Number of the tube with Sl/d = 1,88 is higher than the tube with Sl/d = 1, 17.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.402 2 Jon s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | external flow, superheater, powerplant, variasi jarak transisi, heat transfer |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - Taufiq Rahmanu |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Nov 2019 06:46 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Nov 2019 06:46 |
| URI: | https://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/71976 |
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