Pritina, Aura Agharid (2023) Desain Konsep Dan Pembuatan Mock Up Mekanisme Manipulator Paralel 3-Puu Untuk Robot Friction Stir Welding. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) merupakan salah satu bentuk metode pengelasan solid state yang memanfaatkan temperature tinggi akibat dari gesekan yang terjadi antara pahat yang sedang berputar dan permukaan benda kerja. Salah satu aplikasinya adalah pengelasan pada gerbong kereta api. Namun, mesin FSW yang tersedia memiliki keterbatasan seperti aplikasi pada plat panjang gerbong kereta api karena bentuk mesin yang berupa perkakas dan statis. Oleh karena itu, fleksibilitas FSW perlu ditingkatkan dengan pengembangan robot FSW berbasis manipulator parallel 3-PUU. Jenis manipulator ini dipilih karena memiliki kekakuan yang lebih tinggi dan menyediakan gerak yang halus dibandingkan dengan manipulator serial. Robot FSW harus mampu dikendalikan dengan akurasi yang tinggi agar menghasilkan sambungan dengan kualitas yang baik dan minim cacat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan desain konsep robot FSW yang memiliki kekuatan stuktur yang tinggi. Hal ini bisa dilakukan melalui metodologi penelitian yaitu studi literatur, penentuan design requirement dan spesifikasi, proses desain, sintesis dan analisis desain serta validasi dengan membuat assembly dari 3D printing. Analisis stuktur statis digunakan untuk menganalisa kekuatan stuktur saat dibebani beban statis. Ada tiga desain lengan robot yang dipilih untuk dilakukan Analisa stuktur yaitu lengan robot tipe rod, parallelogram, dan groove. Pembebanan dilakukan dengan enam variasi. Dengan komparasi tegangan dan deformasi maksimum pada ketiga lengan manipulator, didapatkan desain lengan robot yang kuat. Adapun assembly dengan lengan tipe satu – rod merupakan desain terbaik karena memiliki distribusi stress yang baik dan stabil, selain itu memiliki deformasi maksimum yang terkecil. Dari ketiga lengan robot, didapatkan bahwa lengan tipe satu merupakan satu-satunya lengan robot dengan deformasi maksimum yang memenuhi design requirement. Hal ini berarti, desain lengan tipe satu memiliki kekuatan yang kuat dan akurat terhadap pembebanan statis. Tipe ini dipilih untuk dijadikan mock up. Mock up dibuat untuk memvalidasi mekanisme gerak sesuai design requirement. Pembuatan mock up dilakukan dengan menggunakan 3D printing. Diketahui pada mock up hasil desain, menunjukkan gantt dan universal joint yang susah dikontrol, yang mengakibatkan penambahan derajat kebebasan. Untuk mengendalikan hal tersebut, dilakukan redesain bentuk gantt dan rail dirubah menjadi bentuk kotak (hollow), u-joint diperkecil untuk membatasi gerak universal joint. Setelah dilakukan evaluasi dan redesain untuk memperbaiki hal tersebut, didapatkan bahwa perubahan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap arah gerak moving platform.
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Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a form of solid state welding method that utilizes high temperatures as a result of friction that occurs between the rotating tool and the surface of the workpiece. One of many applications is welding on train carriages. However, the available FSW machines have limitations such as application on long train carriage plates because the machine is in static form. Therefore, FSW flexibility needs to be increased by developing an FSW robot based on a 3-PUU parallel manipulator. This type of manipulator was chosen because it has higher stiffness and provides smooth motion compared to serial manipulators. The FSW robot must be able to be controlled with high accuracy in order to produce connections with good quality and minimal defects. This research aims to develop a FSW robot concept design that has high structural strength. This can be done through research methodology, namely literature study, determining design requirements and specifications, design process, synthesis and design analysis, then validation by making assemblies from 3D printing. Static structural analysis is used to analyze the strength of structures when loaded with static loads. There are three robot arm designs chosen for structural analysis, namely rod, parallelogram and groove type robot arms. Loading is carried out with six variations. By comparing the maximum stress and deformation in the three manipulator arms, a strong robot arm design is obtained. The assembly with a single-rod type arm is the best design because it has good and stable stress distribution, besides having the smallest maximum deformation. Of the three robot arms, it was found that type one arm was the only robot arm with maximum deformation that met the design requirements. This means that the type one arm design has strong and accurate strength against static loading. This type was chosen to be used as a mock up. A mock up was created to validate the movement mechanism according to design requirements. The mock up was made using 3D printing. Based on assembling mock up, it is known that design mock-up shows gantt and universal joint are difficult to control, which results in additional degrees of freedom. To control this, the shape of the gantt was redesigned and the rail was changed to a box shape (hollow), the u-joint was reduced to limit the movement of the universal joint. After evaluating and redesigning to improve this, it was found that these changes had an effect on the direction of movement of the moving platform.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analisa Kekuatan Stuktur, Desain Proses, Friction Stir Welding, Manipulator Paralel 3-PUU, Mock Up, 3-PUU Parallel Manipulator, Process Design |
Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ211 Robotics. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ211.4 Robot motion T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ211.415 Mobile robots T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ230 Machine design |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | AURA AGHARID PRITINA |
Date Deposited: | 15 Sep 2023 05:57 |
Last Modified: | 15 Sep 2023 05:57 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104949 |
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