Hisnuddin, Ahmad Sultan (2026) Perancangan Sistem Klaster Industri Berbasis Olahan Hasil Perikanan Kawasan Gresik-Lamongan Dalam Implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) menuntut Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) menyediakan protein hewani secara konsisten, namun potensi perikanan kawasan Gresik-Lamongan belum dimanfaatkan optimal karena pengadaan ikan masih bertumpu pada distributor tunggal tanpa keterhubungan langsung ke pembudidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang klaster industri berbasis olahan hasil perikanan kawasan Gresik-Lamongan dengan SPPG sebagai industri inti. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus pada tiga SPPG di kawasan Gresik-Lamongan sebagai objek amatan, dengan data primer dari observasi dan wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap kepala SPPG dan staf operasional, dilengkapi data sekunder dari dokumen resmi pemerintah. Data diolah melalui lima fase, yaitu pemetaan stakeholder dan Diamond Porter Model untuk kondisi eksisting, pemetaan struktur klaster, perumusan kondisi desired melalui gap analysis, perancangan desain klaster dengan Value Chain Analysis, dan pemodelan dinamika sistem menggunakan Causal Loop Diagram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kawasan Gresik-Lamongan layak secara kondisional sebagai basis klaster industri perikanan, dengan dukungan pemerintah sebagai komponen terkuat dan komponen lain berada pada kategori menengah yang memerlukan penguatan distribusi dan rantai pasok. Gap analysis mengidentifikasi tujuh root gap struktural yang diterjemahkan menjadi desain klaster dengan unit pengolahan ikan (UPI) dan koperasi/agregator sebagai penghubung langsung pembudidaya dan SPPG, menggantikan distributor tunggal. Model Causal Loop Diagram yang dihasilkan terdiri dari 28 variabel dengan dua belas loop umpan balik, mengidentifikasi tata kelola klaster serta penguatan penyerapan ikan lokal sebagai dua titik leverage utama. Penelitian ini berkontribusi sebagai fondasi tata kelola SPPG berbasis komoditas perikanan yang terintegrasi dengan ekosistem perikanan budidaya lokal Gresik-Lamongan.
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The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) requires Nutrition Fulfillment Service Unit (SPPG) to supply animal protein consistently, yet the fishery potential of the Gresik-Lamongan region remains underutilized because fish procurement still relies on a single distributor with no direct link to fish farmers. This study aims to design an industrial cluster based on processed fishery products in the Gresik-Lamongan region, positioning SPPG as the core industry. A qualitative case study approach was applied to three SPPG in the region as the units of observation, with primary data from observation and semi-structured interviews with SPPG heads and operational staff, complemented by secondary data from official government documents. The data were processed through five phases: stakeholder mapping and Diamond Porter Model assessment for the existing condition, mapping of the existing cluster structure, formulation of the desired condition through gap analysis, cluster design using Value Chain Analysis, and cluster system dynamics modeling using a Causal Loop Diagram. The results show that the Gresik-Lamongan region is conditionally feasible as a basis for a fishery-based industrial cluster, with government support as the strongest component while other components remain at a moderate level requiring strengthening in distribution and the supply chain. The gap analysis identified seven structural root gaps, translated into a cluster design in which fish processing units (UPI) and cooperatives/aggregators serve as the direct link between fish farmers and SPPG, replacing the single distributor. The resulting Causal Loop Diagram consists of 28 variables and twelve feedback loops, identifying cluster governance and the strengthening of local fish absorption as the two main leverage points. This research contributes as a foundation for fishery-based SPPG governance integrated with the local aquaculture ecosystem of Gresik-Lamongan.
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