Pra Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi Dari Garam Olahan Dengan Metode Teknologi Membran Nanofiltrasi

Lestari, Adinda Suci and Adinda, Shafa Trisna (2024) Pra Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi Dari Garam Olahan Dengan Metode Teknologi Membran Nanofiltrasi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Garam farmasi merupakan salah satu bahan baku yang masih bergantung terhadap impor. Penggunaan garam farmasi yaitu untuk sediaan infus, oralit, dan produk farmasi lainnya. Oleh karena itu, didirikanlah pabrik garam farmasi di daerah Manyar, Gresik, Jawa Timur. Pendirian pabrik ini juga turut berkontribusi program pemerintah untuk mengurangi ketergantungan impor di Indonesia. Bahan baku utama yang digunakan pada pabrik ini yaitu garam olahan yang berasal dari PT. Garam dengan kandungan NaCl lebih dari 90%. Proses yang terpilih berdasarkan metode AHP teknologi membran nanofiltrasi dan kristalisasi. Metode ini terdiri dari tiga unit utama yaitu pemurnian, penguapan dan pengkristalan, pengeringan dan pengendalian produk. Pada unit pemurnian garam olahan dilarutkan dengan air proses lalu dipisahkan komponen pengotor tidak larutnya berupa pasir menggunakan centrifuge. Selanjutnya, dilakukan treatment secara koagulasi dengan penambahan Na2CO3 dan CaCO3 serta flokulasi dengan PAC lalu melalui sedimentasi dengan centrifuge akan didapatkan sludge berupa CaCO3, Mg(OH)2, dan Ca(OH)2, serta filtratnya diteruskan ke membran NF untuk penghilangan ion kalium dan sulfat. Dengan begitu, kandungan sulfat dan kalium dalam larutan brine sudah memenuhi standart Pharmacopeia (SO42- = 0,1 ppm; K+ = 481 ppm). Larutan kemudian dimasukkan ke unit penguapan dan pengkristalan menggunakan Circulating Magma Vacuum Crystallizer. Pada unit ini mampu menghasilkan kristal garam dengan kemurnian 96,9%. Kristal kemudian masuk ke dalam unit pengeringan dan pengendalian produk, dimana kristal garam dikeringkan menggunakan rotary dryer dan dilanjutkan dengan pengecilan ukuran dengan ball mil hingga menjadi 50 mesh garam farmasi dengan kandungan NaCl 99,79%. Pabrik garam farmasi ini memiliki kapasitas produksi sebesar 1500 ton/tahun dengan waktu operasi 330 hari kerja. Diperlukan total modal tetap (FCI) sebesar Rp. 13.839.559.237,39; Modal kerja (WCI) sebesar Rp. 4.884.550.319,08; Modal total (TCI) sebesar Rp. 16.281.834.396,93; Biaya produksi per tahun (TPC) sebesar Rp. 26.393.877.762,32. Dengan estimasi penjualan per tahun sebesar Rp. 37.422.875.323 akan diperoleh nilai IRR 17.60% Waktu pengembalian modal (POT) 9.15 tahun; dan NPV positif sebesar Rp 13.576.000.070 yang menunjukkan bahwa pabrik garam farmasi ini layak untuk didirikan.
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Pharmaceutical salt is one of the raw materials that still depends on imports. The use of pharmaceutical salts is to prepare infusions, ORS and other pharmaceutical products. Therefore, a pharmaceutical salt factory was established in the Manyar area, Gresik, East Java. The establishment of this factory also contributes to the government's program to reduce dependence on imports in Indonesia. The main raw material used in this factory is processed salt which comes from PT. Salt with a NaCl content of more than 90%. The selected process is based on the AHP method of nanofiltration and crystallization membrane technology. This method consists of three main units, namely purification, evaporation and crystallization, drying and product control. In the purification unit the processed salt is dissolved in process water and then the insoluble impurity components in the form of sand are separated using a centrifuge. Next, coagulation treatment is carried out with the addition of Na2CO3 and CaCO3 and flocculation with PAC then through sedimentation with a centrifuge, sludge in the form of CaCO3, Mg(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 will be obtained, and the filtrate is passed to the NF membrane for the removal of potassium ions and sulfate. In this way, the sulfate and potassium content in the brine solution meets Pharmacopeia standards (SO42- = 0.1 ppm; K+ = 481 ppm). The solution is then put into an evaporation and crystallization unit using a Circulating Magma Vacuum Crystallizer. This unit is capable of producing salt crystals with a purity of 96.9%. The crystals then enter the product drying and control unit, where the salt crystals are dried using a rotary dryer and followed by size reduction with a ball mill until they become 50 mesh pharmaceutical salt with a NaCl content of 99.79%. This pharmaceutical salt factory has a production capacity of 1500 tons/year with an operating time of 330 working days. Required fixed capital investment (FCI) of IDR. 13.839.559.237,39; Working capital Investment (WCI) is IDR. 4.884.550.319,08; Total capital Investment (TCI) is IDR. 16.281.834.396,93; Total Production Cost (TPC) are Rp. 26.393.877.762,32. With estimated annual sales of Rp. 37,422,875,323 will obtain an IRR value of 17.60%; Payback period (POT) 9.15 years; and a positive NPV of Rp. 13.576.000.070 which shows that this pharmaceutical salt factory is worthy of being established.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Garam Farmasi, Garam Olahan, Kristalisasi, Membran Nanofiltrasi, Nanofiltration Membrane, Recrystallization, Refined Salt, Pharmaceutical Salt
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology)
R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions.
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP159.M4 Membranes (Technology)
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.25.M46 Membrane separation
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP370 Food processing and manufacture
T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Adinda Suci Lestari
Date Deposited: 05 Jul 2024 08:49
Last Modified: 05 Jul 2024 08:49
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/108161

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