Studi Kandungan Sisa Klor Pada Jaringan Distribusi Air Minum Zona 2 Perumdam Tirta Siak

Putri, Sabela Widya (2025) Studi Kandungan Sisa Klor Pada Jaringan Distribusi Air Minum Zona 2 Perumdam Tirta Siak. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Air termasuk komponen penting dalam kehidupan sehari – hari untuk menunjang segala kebutuhan dan aktivitas manusia. Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPAM) merupakan infrastruktur yang berfungsi mengolah air baku menjadi air yang aman untuk dikonsumsi. Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum (Perumdam) yang melayani Kota Pekanbaru adalah Perumdam Tirta Siak. Salah satu IPAM yang terdapat di Kota Pekanbaru adalah IPAM Tirta Siak Tampan yang dikelola oleh PT. PPTM berperan sebagai Badan Usaha Pelaksana (BUP) pada Proyek KPBU SPAM Kota Pekanbaru. Berdasarkan data hasil uji air olahan pada tahun 2024, air hasil olahan IPAM tersebut telah memenuhi baku mutu Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023. Namun, pemantauan ini hanya pada bagian reservoir dan belum merepresentasikan kualitas air dalam seluruh jaringan distribusi air minum. Sisa klor dalam air memiliki hubungan dengan kualitas air karena klorin berfungsi sebagai disinfektan untuk membunuh bakteri patogen dan virus yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit. Kandungan sisa klor yang tepat dalam air dapat menjaga kualitas air dan mencegah kontaminasi mikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sebaran sisa klor menggunakan software EPANET 2.2. dilakukan validasi model untuk meningkatkan akurasi dalam analisis. Selain itu, dilakukan penyesuaian sisa klor pada pelanggan sesuai ambang batas konsentrasi klor yang ditetapkan oleh Permenkes. Penentuan jumlah lokasi sampling dilakukan berdasarkan Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023. Pengambilan sampel dan pengukuran dilakukan secara on site untuk mengetahui kandungan sisa klor pada jaringan distribusi air minum. Pengukuran sisa klor di lapangan menggunakan metode DPD (N,N-dietil-p-fenilendiamin) dengan menggunakan Chlorine Meter Portable. Pengamatan penurunan sisa klor terhadap waktu dilakukan menggunakan sampel yang diambil pada outlet yang terdekat dengan reservoir sehingga mendapatkan nilai koefisien reaksi bulk (Kb) dan koefisien reaksi wall (Kw). Kemudian, hasil simulasi sisa klor dibandingkan dengan data lapangan dengan uji Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) untuk melihat kesesuaian hasil simulasi software EPANET terhadap pengukuran. Kemudian, dilakukan analisis hidrolis menggunakan model pada EPANET untuk melakukan penyesuaian sisa klor di pelanggan. Selain itu, analisis penyebab turunnya sisa klor juga dilakukan untuk lebih memahami stabilitas sisa klor. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi sisa klor dalam air yang diterima pelanggan pada sebagian besar wilayah layanan, khususnya pada daerah ujung jaringan dan daerah dengan konsumsi air rendah, belum memenuhi baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh tingginya usia air, kecepatan alir yang rendah, dan sisa klor yang belum stabil. Stabilitas sisa klor dipengaruhi oleh zat pengotor dalam air khususnya zat organik (KMnO₄) dan ammonia. Upaya penyesuaian dilakukan melalui penambahan dosis klor di IPAM serta penempatan 13 titik re-klorinasi. Kedua strategi ini efektif dalam menjaga kandungan sisa klor pada jaringan distribusi.
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Water is an essential component of daily life that supports various human needs and activities. Water Treatment Plant (WTP) serve as infrastructure to process raw water into consumable water. The Regional Public Drinking Water Company (Perumdam) that serves Pekanbaru City is Perumdam Tirta Siak. One of the WTPs in Pekanbaru City is Tirta Siak Tampan WTP, managed by PT. PPTM. Based on treated water testing data in 2024, the water processed by this WTP met the quality standards stipulated in the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023. However, this compliance was only observed at the reservoir and does not guarantee the quality of the drinking water distribution network. Residual chlorine in water is closely linked to water quality, as chlorine acts as a disinfectant to eliminate pathogenic bacteria and viruses that can cause disease. The appropriate residual chlorine level in water can maintain water quality and prevent microbial contamination. This study aims to analyze the distribution of residual chlorine using the EPANET 2.2 software, with model validation performed to enhance analysis accuracy. Moreover, adjustments to residual chlorine levels for customers were made in accordance with the chlorine concentration limits set by the Ministry of Health Regulation. The determination of the number of sampling locations was carried out based on Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023. Sampling and measurements were conducted on-site to determine the residual chlorine content in the drinking water distribution network. Residual chlorine testing in the field was performed using the DPD (N,N-dietil-p-fenilendiamin) method with a Portable Chlorine Meter. Observation of residual chlorine decay over time was carried out at the outlet nearest to the reservoir to obtain the bulk reaction coefficient (Kb) and wall reaction coefficient (Kw). Furthermore, a comparison of the residual chlorine simulation results was made using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) test to identify the consistency between the EPANET software simulation results and the measurements. Subsequently, hydraulic analysis that use the model from EPANET was conducted to adjust residual chlorine levels for customers. In addition, an analysis of the factors contributing to chlorine decay was carried out to gain a better understanding of its stability within the distribution system. Analytical results revealed that the residual chlorine concentrations in customer supplied water in most service areas, especially in areas that far from WTP and areas that have lower water consumption, did not meet required quality standards. This condition is primarily caused by high water age, low velocity, and unstable chlorine residual. The stability of chlorine residual is influenced by impurities in water, particularly organik matter that represented by permanganate and ammonia. As a response to this issue, corrective actions were taken by increasing chlorine dosing at WTP and placing 13 re-chlorination points. The combined strategies are effective in maintaning chlorine residual levels throughout the distribution network.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	EPANET 2.2, Kualitas Air, Sisa klor, EPANET 2.2, Residual Chlorine, Water Quality
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD481 Water distribution systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sabela Widya Putri
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2025 02:57
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2025 02:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120382

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