Desain Pabrik Palm Kernel Oil dari Palm Kernel dengan Metode Ekstraksi Menggunakan Karbon Dioksida Superkritis

Harnanda, Tarisa Aulia and Febrianti, Refftaneea Noer (2026) Desain Pabrik Palm Kernel Oil dari Palm Kernel dengan Metode Ekstraksi Menggunakan Karbon Dioksida Superkritis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Minyak inti kelapa sawit (palm kernel oil) adalah minyak nabati yang berasal dari inti biji kelapa sawit dengan kandungan utama asam laurat (C12) ±50%, sehingga memberikan sifat fisika-kimia yang khas dan menjadikannya bahan baku strategis dalam industri pangan, farmasi, dan oleokimia. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara penghasil kelapa sawit memiliki peluang besar dalam pengembangan minyak inti sawit (PKO). Pada tahun 2031, kebutuhan PKO diperkirakan mencapai 419.538 ton. Dalam perancangan pabrik ini dipilih metode ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut karbon dioksida superkritis karena mampu menghasilkan minyak berkualitas tinggi, bebas residu pelarut, serta memungkinkan penggunaan kembali karbon dioksida sehingga lebih ramah lingkungan. Proses produksi meliputi mechanical separation, size reduction, ekstraksi menggunakan karbon dioksida superkritis, dan separasi. Pabrik akan didirikan di Kawasan Industri Peputra Kampar (KIPK), Kecamatan Siak Hulu, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau dengan kapasitas produksi 3.000 ton/tahun dan waktu operasi 24 jam selama 330 hari/tahun. Pabrik dirancang berumur 15 tahun dan masa kontruksi 3 tahun dengan total investasi sebesar Rp67.119.237.929, nilai Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) sebesar Rp 56.377.840.187, sementara nilai Operating Expenditure (OPEX) sebesar Rp99.793.799.114. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan Net Present Value (NPV) positif sebesar Rp31.602.539.189, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 15,37%, Pay Out Time (POT) selama 6,840 tahun, serta Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 44,76%, sehingga berdasarkan aspek teknis, ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan, pabrik palm kernel oil dari palm kernel menggunakan ekstraksi pelarut karbon dioksida superkritis dinilai layak untuk didirikan dan dikembangkan.
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Palm kernel oil is a vegetable oil derived from the kernels of oil palm seeds, with a main component of lauric acid (C12) at approximately 50%, giving it distinctive physicochemical properties and making it a strategic raw material in the food, pharmaceutical, and oleochemical industries. As one of the world’s leading oil palm-producing countries, Indonesia has significant potential for the development of palm kernel oil (PKO). By 2031, PKO demand is projected to reach 419,538 metric tons. In the design of this plant, the supercritical carbon dioxide solvent extraction method was selected because it produces high-quality oil free of solvent residues and allows for the reuse of carbon dioxide, making it more environmentally friendly. The production process includes mechanical separation, size reduction, extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide, and separation. The plant will be established in the Peputra Kampar Industrial Park (KIPK), Siak Hulu Subdistrict, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, with a production capacity of 3,000 metric tons per year and a 24-hour operating schedule for 330 days per year. The plant is designed to have a 15-year lifespan and a 3-year construction period, with a total investment worth IDR 67,119,237,929, Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) valued at IDR 56,377,840,187, and Operating Expenditure (OPEX) amounting to IDR 99,793,799,114. The results of the economic analysis show a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 31,602,539,189, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 15.37%, a Payback Period (POT) of 6.840 years, and a Break-Even Point (BEP) of 44.76%. Therefore, based on technical, economic, social, and environmental aspects, the palm kernel oil plant using supercritical carbon dioxide solvent extraction is deemed feasible to establish and develop.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Palm kernel oil, palm kernel, ekstraksi, karbon dioksida superkritis, Palm kernel oil, extraction, supercritical carbon dioxide
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP370 Food processing and manufacture
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > Food Engineering : 41221-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Tarisa Aulia Harnanda
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 01:07
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 01:07
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139171

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