Peningkatan Kualitas Fisik dan Kandungan Gula Merah Menggunakan Bioflokulan dan Biopreservatif pada Proses Open Pan dan Vacuum Pan Evaporator

Kamaliya, Nurul (2026) Peningkatan Kualitas Fisik dan Kandungan Gula Merah Menggunakan Bioflokulan dan Biopreservatif pada Proses Open Pan dan Vacuum Pan Evaporator. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gula merah tebu memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, namun proses produksinya masih menghadapi kendala berupa kekeruhan nira, rendahnya daya simpan, serta penggunaan bahan tambahan sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas bioflokulan biji kelor dan gel okra, biopreservatif sari lemon dan daun teh hijau, serta metode pemasakan open pan dan vacuum pan terhadap mutu gula merah tebu. Penjernihan nira dilakukan menggunakan biji kelor dan gel okra pada dosis 3, 6, dan 9 ppm, sedangkan pemasakan menggunakan variasi sari lemon 0–1% v/v, daun teh hijau 0 dan 1,75% b/b, serta metode open pan dan vacuum pan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biji kelor 6 ppm merupakan bioflokulan terbaik, dengan penurunan turbiditas hingga 99,01% dan TSS sekitar 90,54%. Pada produk akhir, sampel terbaik open pan adalah F7 dengan yield 12,91%, sukrosa 63,09%, gula reduksi 11,24%, kadar air 4,78%, water activity 0,65, kadar abu 0,87%, warna L* 71,56, HPLC fruktosa 20,26 ppm, glukosa 26,50 ppm, sukrosa 292,00 ppm, TPC NA 4,5 × 10² CFU/g, TPC PDA 1 × 10² CFU/g, dan Pb 1,0296 mg/kg. Sampel terbaik vacuum pan F8 menghasilkan sukrosa 66,04%, gula reduksi 9,75%, yield 13,66%, kadar air 5,55%, water activity 0,64, kadar abu 1,44%, warna L* 71,60, HPLC fruktosa 11,11 ppm, glukosa 5,15 ppm, sukrosa 215,96 ppm, TPC NA 7,25 × 10³ CFU/g, TPC PDA 6 × 10² CFU/g, dan Pb 1,9846 mg/kg. Secara keseluruhan, open pan F7 lebih unggul pada mutu mikrobiologi, kadar Pb, dan keseimbangan mutu fisik, sedangkan vacuum pan F8 lebih unggul pada yield serta kemampuan menekan gula reduksi. Teknologi bioflokulan dan biopreservatif alami berpotensi diterapkan untuk produksi gula merah tebu yang lebih ramah lingkungan.
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Sugarcane brown sugar has high economic value; however, its production process still faces several challenges, including juice turbidity, limited shelf life, and the use of synthetic additives. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of moringa seed and okra gel as bioflocculants, lemon juice and green tea leaves as biopreservatives, as well as open pan and vacuum pan cooking methods, on the quality of sugarcane brown sugar. Juice clarification was carried out using moringa seed and okra gel at dosages of 3, 6, and 9 ppm, while the cooking process was conducted using lemon juice at concentrations of 0–1% v/v, green tea leaves at 0 and 1.75% w/w, and open pan and vacuum pan methods. The results showed that moringa seed at 6 ppm was the most effective bioflocculant, reducing turbidity by up to 99.01% and total suspended solids (TSS) by approximately 90.54%. In the final product, the best open pan sample was F7, with a yield of 12.91%, sucrose content of 63.09%, reducing sugar content of 11.24%, moisture content of 4.78%, water activity of 0.65, ash content of 0.87%, L* color value of 71.56, HPLC-detected fructose of 20.26 ppm, glucose of 26.50 ppm, sucrose of 292.00 ppm, TPC on NA medium of 4.5 × 10² CFU/g, TPC on PDA medium of 1 × 10² CFU/g, and Pb content of 1.0296 mg/kg. The best vacuum pan sample, F8, produced a sucrose content of 66.04%, reducing sugar content of 9.75%, yield of 13.66%, moisture content of 5.55%, water activity of 0.64, ash content of 1.44%, L* color value of 71.60, HPLC-detected fructose of 11.11 ppm, glucose of 5.15 ppm, sucrose of 215.96 ppm, TPC on NA medium of 7.25 × 10³ CFU/g, TPC on PDA medium of 6 × 10² CFU/g, and Pb content of 1.9846 mg/kg. Overall, open pan F7 showed superior microbiological quality, lower Pb content, and a more balanced physical quality profile, whereas vacuum pan F8 was superior in terms of yield and its ability to suppress reducing sugar formation. The application of natural bioflocculant and biopreservative technologies has the potential to support more environmentally friendly sugarcane brown sugar production.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioflokulan, Biopreservatif, Gula merah, Open pan, Vacuum pan, Bioflocculant, Biopreservative, Brown sugar, Open pan, Vacuum pan
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP370 Food processing and manufacture T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP382 Sugar--Analysis.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Nurul Kamaliya
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 06:37
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 06:37
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140507

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