Puspa, Hibar Buana (2026) Model Penugasan dan Alokasi Muatan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) Multi-Produk: Studi Kasus Regional VII Sulawesi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Distribusi bahan bakar minyak (BBM) di Indonesia sangat bergantung pada transportasi laut, khususnya menggunakan kapal tanker multi-kompartemen yang mampu mengangkut beberapa jenis BBM secara bersamaan. Setiap kompartemen hanya dapat memuat satu jenis produk sehingga konfigurasi penugasan produk dan alokasi volume muatan menjadi faktor penting dalam meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi. Pada Regional VII Sulawesi, perencanaan distribusi masih dilakukan secara agregat tanpa mempertimbangkan alokasi produk pada kompartemen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi distribusi BBM saat ini serta mengembangkan model optimasi berbasis Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) dalam menentukan penugasan produk dan alokasi volume muatan pada setiap kompartemen kapal. Penentuan tersebut dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitas kapal, permintaan, frekuensi pelayaran, dan biaya distribusi. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa volume distribusi berhasil meningkat sebesar 11,76%, dari 499.054,95 KL menjadi 557.742,52 KL. Sedangkan, biaya distribusi per unit berhasil diturunkan sebesar 9,95%, dari Rp190.721,51/KL menjadi Rp171.747,80/KL. Selain aspek operasional dan finansial, penentuan dan pengalokasian produk turut dievaluasi secara teknis melalui perhitungan trim. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kapal pada setiap voyage berhasil mencapai kondisi even keel dengan timbal balik tambahan penggunaan air ballast sebesar 46.489,49 ton. Dengan demikian, model yang dikembangkan mampu meningkatkan performa distribusi BBM multi-produk dari aspek operasional, finansial, dan teknis.
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Fuel distribution in Indonesia relies heavily on maritime transportation, particularly through multi-compartment tankers capable of carrying multiple fuel products simultaneously. Because each compartment is dedicated to a single fuel product, determining product assignments and cargo volume allocations is essential for improving distribution efficiency. In Region VII Sulawesi, fuel distribution planning is still performed on an aggregate basis without explicitly considering product allocation at the compartment level. This study analyzes the existing fuel distribution system and develops a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimization model to determine fuel product assignments and cargo volume allocations for each ship compartment. The model incorporates vessel capacity, demand, sailing frequency, and distribution costs. The optimization results indicate that the total distribution volume increased by 11.76%, from 499,054.95 kL to 557,742.52 kL, while the unit distribution cost decreased by 9.95%, from Rp190,721.51/kL to Rp171,747.80/kL. In addition to operational and financial performance, the proposed product assignment and cargo allocation were technically evaluated through trim analysis. The results show that all vessels maintained an even keel condition throughout every voyage with an additional 46,489.49 metric tons of ballast water. Overall, the proposed model improves the operational, financial, and technical performance of multi-product fuel distribution.
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