Wijaya, Bagas Ari (2019) Distribusi Meso- dan Mikroplastik di Kali Surabaya pada Segmen Kecamatan Driyorejo hingga Karang Pilang. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kali Surabaya memegang peranan penting sebagai sumber air baku air minum. Namun Kali Surabaya mengalami penurunan kualitas, akibat pembuangan sampah ke sungai. Jenis sampah yang paling sering ditemukan adalah plastik. Partikel plastik dari jenis meso dan mikroplastik memiliki dampak negatif bagi ekosistem sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menentukan kelimpahan meso- dan mikroplastik di Kali Surabaya pada segmen Driyorejo hingga Karang Pilang, (2) mengidentifikasi komposisi dan karakteristik kedua jenis polutan plastik, (3) menentukan dan mengkaji distribusinya. Sampling dilakukan secara grab pada tiga kedalaman sungai (atas, tengah, dasar) dari tiga titik menurut lebar sungai (sisi kanan, tengah, dan kiri). Sampling dilakukan dengan dua kali pengulangan. Pengambilan sampel pada permukaan menggunakan manta trawl dan pada setengah kedalaman serta dasar kedalaman menggunakan modified trawl. Pengambilan sampel air untuk pengukuran parameter suhu, pH, berat jenis air menggunakan Van Dorn sampler, dan pengukuran kecepatan arus menggunakan current meter. Ekstraksi meso- dan mikroplastik dilakukan menggunakan hidrogen peroksida dan larutan NaCl. Kemudian meso- dan mikroplastik diamati dan disortasi menggunakan stereomicroscope. Selanjutnya polimer penyusun meso dan mikroplastik ditentukan dengan FTIR. Kelimpahan tertinggi mesoplastik berada di permukaan sungai pada titik Driyorejo (1,22 partikel/m3). Adapun, kelimpahan tertinggi mikroplastik berada di permukaan sungai pada titik Driyorejo (13,33 partikel/m3). Partikel plastik paling dominan ditemukan dalam ukuran LMP (Large Microplastic). Bentuk yang paling dominan ditemukan adalah film. Warna paling dominan ditemukan adalah transparan. Jenis polimer yang teridentifikasi pada FTIR adalah low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), dan polypropylene (PP). Distribusi longitudinal mesoplastik dan mikroplastik pada tiga titik sampling menunjukkan perubahan yang cukup signifikan. Dari titik Driyorejo ke titik Bambe kelimpahan mikroplastik menurun, sedangkan dari titik Bambe ke titik Karang Pilang terjadi peningkatan. Kelimpahan mesoplastik pada tiga titik cenderung menurun dari permukaan hingga dasar. Sedangkan distribusi vertikal mikroplastik berfluktuasi: menurun dari permukaan hingga ke setengah kedalaman, kemudian meningkat di bagian dasar sungai.
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Kali Surabaya plays an important as raw water source for water supply in Surabaya City. However, the water quality of Kali Surabaya has gradually decreased in quality. Part of the reason is the disposal of solid waste into the river. The main solid waste type found in the river is plastic particles of meso and microplastic category. This study aims to: (1) determine mesoplastic and microplastic abundance in Kali Surabaya in along the Driyorejo to Karang Pilang river segment, (2) identify the composition and characteristics of meso- and microplastics, and (3) to determine and review the distribution of meso- and microplastic in this river segment. Meso- and microplastic samples were collected at three different depths (surface, middle, bottom) of three different widths of the river (right, center, and left) in three sampling sites. The sample collection was done in two repetitions. Samples from the surface of the river were collected using manta trawls. A modified trawl was used to collect samples from the middle and the bottom parts of the river. Water samples for measuring the parameters of temperature, pH, and density were collected using van Dorn sampler. Current velocity was measured using a current meter. Organic matter was removed from the samples by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride solutions. The meso and microplastics were observed and sorted using a stereomicroscope. Polymer constituents of the meso and microplastic particles were identified using FTIR.
The highest abundance of mesoplastic particles was found in the river surface of Driyorejo site (1.22 particles/m3). The highest abundance of microplastic particles was on the river surface of the Driyorejo site (13.33 particles/m3). Large Microplastic particles were most dominant at all sampling points and in all river depth positions. The most represented shape found was film. The main color of the particles was transparent. Based on the FTIR analysis, the types of polymers were low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), and polypropylene (PP). The longitudinal meso- and microplastic distributions at three sampling points showed significant changes. The microplastic abundance lowered from the Driyorejo to the Bambe sites, but increased from Bambe Karang Pilang. The distribution of mesoplastic particles at the three locations decreased from the surface to the bottom. The vertical distribution of microplastic particles fluctuated in abundance. These particles decreased in abundance from the surface to the middle depth, and increased in the bottom.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Distribution, Kali Surabaya, Manta Trawl, Mesoplastic, Microplastic |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Theses |
| Depositing User: | Bagas Ari Wijaya |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2024 03:45 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2024 03:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/66142 |
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