Hartono, Zeka Angger (2019) Pengaruh Penggunaan Biodiesel B30 Dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Degradasi Minyak Pelumas Dan Keausan Pada Komponen Mesin Diesel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Bahan bakar alternatif bagi mesin diesel sangat menarik perhatian dunia sebagai akibat adanya krisis energi dunia. Pada awal 1900, minyak nabati telah digunakan sebagai bahan bakar diesel. Selama ini, kebutuhan minyak bumi di Indonesia sebagai pasokan kapasitas kilang masih tergantung pihak luar, sedangkan kebutuhan BBM meningkat sejalan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan penduduk. Untuk itu, perlu alternatif bahan bakar baru guna mereduksi kebutuhan bahan bakar fosil. Bahan bakar biodiesel dengan bahan utama minyak kelapa sawit (Palm Oil) merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan bakar untuk menggantikan bahan bakar diesel (diesel fuel). Hal ini dikarenakan negara Indonesia merupakan penghasil minyak kelapa sawit mentah (Crude Palm Oil) terbesar di dunia. Dengan produksi sebesar 31.010.015 ton pada tahun 2015 sehingga bahan bakar alternatif dengan bahan dasar minyak kelapa sawit (Palm Oil) sangat mungkin dikembangkan. Akan tetapi penggunaan biodiesel minyak nabati dapat menyebabkan kerugian pada lifetime mesin. Penggunaan minyak kelapa mengakibatkan penurunan viskositas minyak pelumas secara drastis, serta mengakibatkan meningkatkan tingkat keausan logam pada mesin. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh biodiesel B30 dari minyak kelapa sawit (Palm Oil) terhadap degradasi minyak pelumas mesin serta keausan pada komponen mesin diesel. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan eksperimen dengan menguji mesin diesel dalam waktu yang panjang dengan standar dari Engine Manufacture Association (EMA). Penggunaan biodiesel B30 minyak kelapa sawit menyebabkan degradasi yang lebih besar pada minyak pelumas daripada penggunaan Pertamina Dexlite. Bahan bakar biodiesel B30 minyak kelapa sawit menyebabkan minyak pelumas mengalami penurunan viskositas 46,98% lebih besar, kenaikan indeks viskositas 7,84% lebih besar, kenaikan flash point, kenaikan pour point 3°C lebih besar, dan penurunan TBN 4,62% lebih besar, dan kandungan air 3,6026% lebih sedikit. Bahan bakar biodiesel B30 minyak kelapa sawit menyebabkan kandungan logam aluminium 19,8% lebih besar, logam besi 0,75% lebih besar, dan logam krom lebih besar pada minyak pelumas setelah digunakan pada mesin diesel. Selain itu, penggunaan biodiesel B30 minyak kelapa sawit menyebabkan gap ring piston lebih besar dan keadaan metal jalan (journal bearing) yang lebih buruk. Deposit yang dihasilkan dari penggunaan biodiesel B30 minyak kelapa sawit lebih sedikit 4,27% pada komponen mesin diesel. Dapat disimpulkan penggunaan biodiesel B30 menyebabkan keausan logam yang lebih besar daripada penggunaan Pertamina Dexlite.
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Alternative fuels for diesel engines have attracted the world's attention as a result of the world energy crisis. In the beginning 1900, vegetable oils has been used as diesel fuel. So far, the demand for petroleum in Indonesia as a supply of refinery capacity still depends on outsiders, while fuel needs are increasing in line with economic growth and population. For this reason, alternative fuel is needed to reduce the need for fossil fuels. Biodiesel fuel with the main material of palm oil is one alternative fuel to replace diesel fuel. This is because Indonesia is the biggest producer of palm oil in the world. With the production as big as 31,010,015 tons in 2015 so alternative fuel with the main material of palm oil is possible to developed. But, the use of biodiesel form vegetable oil affected losses in the engine lifetime. The use of coconut oil has drastically reduced the lubricating oil viscosity, and has resulted in increased metal wear rates in the engine. This research is about the effect of used B30 palm oil biodiesel from palm oil to lubricating oil degradation and component wear in diesel engine. The method is experiment with running diesel engine in long time and Engine Manufacturer’s Association (EMA) standard. The use of B30 palm oil biodiesel causes greater degradation in lubricating oil than using Pertamina Dexlite. B30 palm oil biodiesel causes decreasing viscosity by 46.98% greater, increasing viscosity index 7.48% greater, increasing flash point, increasing pour point by 3°C greater, decreasing total base number (TBN) 4.62% greater, and water content 3.6026% lower in used lubricating oil than Pertamina Dexlite. B30 palm oil biodiesel caused aluminium content 19.8% greater, iron content 0.75% greater, and chromium content greater in used lubricating oil than Pertamina Dexlite fuel. Furthermore, the use of B30 palm oil biodiesel caused gap of piston ring is increase and the condition of journal bearing wrecked. But, the use of B30 palm oil biodiesel caused deposit forming in diesel engine 4.27% lower than Pertamina Dexlite. Can be concluded the use of B30 palm oil biodiesel caused greater degradation in lubricating oil and metal wear in diesel engine than Pertamina Dexlite.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | B30 biodiesel, Degradation, Deposit, Palm oil, Wear |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM731 Marine Engines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Zeka Angger Hartono |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jul 2024 03:48 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jul 2024 03:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/69052 |
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