Nurfitriyah, Arifah (2020) Peningkatan Hasil Dan Kualitas Bahan Bakar Cair Fraksi Gasolin Melalui Ko-Perengkahan Katalitik Limbah Polistirena Dengan Biodiesel Minyak Jelantah dan Biodiesel Minyak Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Masalah utama dalam perengkahan katalitik biomassa adalah rendahnya hasil bahan bakar cair (BBC) yang dihasilkan akibat rendahnya rasio H/Ceff biomassa. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa penambahan limbah plastik polistirena (PS) yang merupakan material kaya hidrogen dengan rasio H/Ceff lebih tinggi dapat meningkatkan hasil dan kualitas bahan bakar cair. Rasio limbah plastik:biomassa menjadi salah satu parameter penting yang dapat mempengaruhi efek sinergis dalam proses ko-perengkahan katalitik. Akan tetapi, terdapat perbedaan hasil penelitian sebelumnya mengenai pengaruh rasio limbah plastik:biomassa terhadap hasil bahan bakar cair yang bergantung pada jenis biomassa yang digunakan. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan proses ko-perengkahan katalitik limbah polistirena dengan biodiesel jelantah dan biodiesel kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) menggunakan katalis Al-MCM-41/keramik pada suhu 300°C untuk mempelajari pengaruh rasio bahan baku PS:biomassa (1:1, 4:3, 2:1) serta jenis biomassa terhadap hasil dan kualitas BBC yang dihasilkan. Produk BBC hasil ko-perengkahan katalitik dianalisis dengan GC-MS untuk mengetahui komponen fraksi hidrokarbon penyusunnya dan karakteristik sifat fisiknya dibandingkan dengan standar bahan bakar bensin berdasarkan SNI 3506:2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil BBC meningkat sebagai fungsi penambahan rasio bahan baku. Perengkahan katalitik PS:BMJ menghasilkan BBC berturut-turut 64,6%, 71,6%, dan 80,4% untuk kenaikan rasio bahan baku 1:1, 4:3, dan 2:1. Sedangkan pada perengkahan PS:BMK sebesar 45,4%, 52,0%, dan 68,2%. Pengayaan fraksi hidrokarbonn gasolin (C7 – C12) dicapai pada rasio bahan baku optimum 1:1. Selain itu, pengujian karakteristik sifat fisik menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, BBC yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi SNI 3506:2017. Perengkahan katalitik PS:BMK menghasilkan BBC dengan nilai kalor dan angka oktan yang lebih tinggi, yakni pada kisaran 16.663 – 27.028 kkal/kg dan RON 97,8 – 100,5, dibandingkan perengkahan katalitik PS:BMJ.
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The main problem in biomass catalytic cracking is the low yield of liquid fuel resulting from the low H/Ceff ratio of biomass. Some previous studies have shown that the addition of polystyrene plastic waste (PS) which is a hydrogen-rich material with a higher H/Ceff ratio can increase the yield and quality of produced liquid fuel. The ratio of plastic waste:biomass is one of the most important parameters that can influence the synergistic effect in the catalytic co-cracking process. However, there are differences in the results of previous studies regarding the effect of the ratio of plastic waste to biomass toward liquid fuel yields which depend on the type of biomass used. Therefore, in this research a catalytic co-cracking process of polystyrene waste with candlenut biodiesel (Aleurites moluccana) and waste cooking biodiesel using Al-MCM-41/ceramic catalyst are conducted at 300°C to study the effect of PS: biomass feedstock ratio (1 : 1, 4: 3, 2: 1) and the type of biomass to the yield and quality of liquid fuel produced. Liquid fuel products resulting from catalytic co-cracking were analyzed by GC-MS to find out the components of the hydrocarbon fraction and their physical characteristics are compared to the gasoline fuel standard based on SNI 3506: 2017. The results of this study indicate that yield of liquid fuel increase as a function of increment feedstock ratios. Catalytic cracking of PS:BMJ resulted in liquid fuel yields of 64.6%, 71.6% and 80.4% respectively, for an increase in the feedstock ratio of 1: 1, 4: 3 and 2: 1. While in cracking PS: BMK are 45.4%, 52.0%, and 68.2%. The enrichment of the gasoline hydrocarbon fraction (C7 - C12) was achieved at an optimum feedstock ratio of 1: 1. In addition, investigation of physical characteristics showed that overall produced liquid fuel had fulfilled SNI 3506: 2017. Catalytic cracking of PS:BMK produced liquid fuel with higher calorific value and octane number, which is in the range of 16,663 - 27,028 kcal/kg and RON 97.8 - 100.5, compared to catalytic cracking of PS:BMJ.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biodiesel Minyak Jelantah, Biodiesel Minyak Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana), Ko-Perengkahan Katalitik, Limbah Plastik Polistirena, Candlenut oil (Aleurites moluccana) biodiesel, Catalytic Co-Cracking, Polystyrene Plastic Waste, Used Cooking Oil Biodiesel. |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HF Commerce > HF5686 Fuel |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Natural Science > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Arifah Nurfitriyah |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Aug 2020 07:14 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Dec 2023 07:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/80594 |
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